Global Invasive Species Database

You searched for invasive species of the organism type tree in natural forests in United States (USA):

43 invasive species found

Alien Species

1. Acacia melanoxylon (tree)
Acacia melanoxylon is native in eastern Australia. This tree grows fast and tall, up to 45m height. It has a wide ecological tolerance, occurring over an extensive range of soils and climatic conditions, but develops better in colder climates. Control of its invasion of natural vegetation, commercial timber plantations and farmland incurs considerable costs, but its timber value and nursing of natural forest succession provides a positive contribution.
Common Names: acacia à bois noir, acacia de madera negra, acacia rouge, acácia-preta, algarrobo, aroma salvaje, Australian blackwood, Australiese swarthout, blackwood, blackwood acacia, Tasmanian blackwood
Synonyms: Racosperma melanoxylon (R.Br.) C.Martius
2. Acer ginnala (tree)
Acer ginnala, commonly known as Amur maple, is a decidous tree, native to Russia and northern China. It was introduced into the United States as an ornamental, due to its vibrant colours in autumn. It has since escaped from cultivation and has the potential of becoming naturalised. The Amur maple is tolerant of a wide range of environmental factors including temperature, drought, soil, pH and light.
Common Names: Amur maple, Amur-Ahorn, érable du fleuve Amour, érable ginnala, Feuer-Ahorn, ginnala maple, Mangolian vaahtera, Siberian maple
Synonyms: Acer ginnala subsp. theiferum (Fang), Acer ginnala var. euginnala (Pax), Acer tataricum, Acer tataricum subsp. aidzuense, Acer tataricum subsp. semenovii, Acer tataricum subsp. tataricum, Acer tataricum subsp. tataricum var. torminaloides, Acer tataricum var. laciniatum (Regel), Acer theiferum (Fang)
3. Acer platanoides (tree)
Acer platanoides is a decidous maple, native to Europe. It is commonly planted as an ornamental along streets and in parks. It has escaped and invaded natural forested habitats all over North America. The dense canopy of A. platanoides's shades out native species and the shallow root system prevents native species from establishing. Its foliage releases toxins that alter the soils fungal and microbial composition. The full impact of this species has not been seen yet as the majority of Acer platanoides are still in the sapling stage awaiting openings in the canopy.
Common Names: érable plane , Norway maple, Spitzahorn
Synonyms: Acer platanoides f. stollii Schwer., Acer platanoides subsp platanoides , Acer platanoides subsp turkestanicum , Acer platanoides var schwedleri K. Koch, Acer platanoides var schwedleri Nichols., Acer turkestanicum
4. Adenanthera pavonina (tree)
A medium-sized tree up to 15m high, Adenanthera pavonina is native to India and Malaysia. It has been planted extensively throughout the tropics as an ornamental and has become naturalised in many countries. It invades intact, undisturbed hardwood forests as well as disturbed sites and can quickly form large colonies.
Common Names: arbre collier, bead tree, bois de condori, bois noir de Bourbon, bois noir rouge, carolina, colales, coral bean tree, culalis, false wili wili, falso-sândalo, kaikes, kolales, kulales, kulalis, la'aulopa, lera, lerendamu, lopa, metekam, metkam, metkem, mwetkwem, olho-de-pavão, paina, peacock flower-fence, peacock tree, pitipitio, pomea, red sandalwood tree, redbeadtree, segavé, telengtúngd, telentundalel, vaivai, vaivainivavalangi
Synonyms: Adenanthera gersenii Scheffer, Adenanthera polita Miq
5. Ailanthus altissima (tree, shrub)
Ailanthus altissima is a very aggressive plant, a prolific seed producer (up to 350,000 seeds in a year), grows rapidly, and can overrun native vegetation. It also produces toxins that prevent the establishment of other plant species. The root system is aggressive enough to cause damage to sewers and foundations.
Common Names: Chinese sumac, stinking shumac, tree of heaven
6. Ardisia elliptica (tree)
Ardisia elliptica is a shade tolerant evergreen tree whose fast growth and attractive fruit made it a popular ornamental plant in the past. It has escaped from private and public gardens to invade natural areas. Due to high reproductive output and high shade-tolerance, carpets of seedlings can form underneath adult trees. High seed viability (99%) and seed consumption by both avian and mammalian frugivores can lead to rapid spread across a landscape.
Common Names: ardisie elliptique, ati popa'a, shoebutton ardisia
Synonyms: Ardisia humilis Vahl., Ardisia squamulosa Pr.
7. Bambusa vulgaris (grass, tree)
         Interim profile, incomplete information
Bambusa vulgaris is the most widespread member of its genus, and has long been cultivated across the tropics and subtropics. It prefers lowland humid habitats, but tolerates a wide range of climatic conditions and soil types. It commonly naturalises, forming monospecific stands along river banks, roadsides and open ground.
Common Names: agarabà, aur beting, aur gading, bacáu, bakal, balé, bambou, bambu, bambu ampel, bambu blenduk, bambú común , bambu kuning, bambu kuning, bambú patamba, bambúa, bambu-verde, bambu-vulgar, bannada bidiru, baran, basini bans, basinibans, bolinao, bolinau, boo, buloh aur, buloh gading, buloh kuning, buloh minyak, buloh minyak has, buloh pau, buluh aur, buluh minyak, buluh pau, burirau, butong, caña brava, caña india, cañambú, cañaza, chan kham, common bamboo, cupamu, dai-san-chiku, davike, domar, feathery bamboo, gemeiner bambus , golden bamboo, grand bambou, haladi bidiru, haur, i ngol, igbon ikirai, itikna, kabaloan, kaho palangi, kaho papalangi, kalaka, kanale, kasul, kauayan, kauayan-china, kauayan-kiling, kawayan, kawayan-china, kawayang-kiting, kawayang-tsina, kawayan-kiling, ken, kenye, kewe, kiling, kinshi-chiku, ko-tatami, labong, lefyog, limas, linetso, lulasi, lunas, mai-luang, mambu kakar, mambu yang, maribal, marobal, mfele, mlasi, musyombe, ngmalu, nsungwi, otate, patong, patung, phai cheen, phai chin, phai lueang, phai-bongkham, phai-luang, phai-ngachang, pilanda, pito, ponmungil, rai yai, ree sai, ri sai, russèi kaèw, s'a:ng kh'am', saang kham, sacaú, sang kham, seemamula, semi, sen, seni, senye, sii, simine, sinambang, soft bamboo, striped bamboo, sunderkania bansa, taiu-anak, tamalang, tamalang silau, tambalang, tamelang, taring, tatami, tatami-na, teuanak, tewanak, tiling, tre m[owx], tre tr[owf], vyo, wanet, wok, wusle, yellow bamboo
Synonyms: Arundarbor arundinacea (Retz.) Kuntze, Arundarbor bambos Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2, 1891, Arundarbor blancoi (Steudel) Kuntze 1891, Arundarbor fera (Miquel) Kuntze 1891, Arundarbor fera Rumphius 1743, Arundarbor monogyna (Blanco) Kuntze 1891, Arundo bamboa Miller 1768, Arundo bambos L., Arundo fera Oken 1841, Bambos arundinacea Retz., Bambusa arundinacea var. picta Moon 1824, Bambusa auriculata Kurz ex Cat. Hort. Bot. Calc., 1864, Bambusa balcooa Roxburgh 1832, Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss, Bambusa blancoi Steudel 1854, Bambusa capensis Rupr., Bambusa fera Miquel 1857, Bambusa humilis Reichenbach ex. Ruprecht 1839, Bambusa madagascariensis hort. ex A. & C. Rivière 1878, Bambusa mitis Blanco 1837, Bambusa monogyna Blanco 1837, Bambusa sieberi Grisebach 1864, Bambusa striata Lodd., Bambusa surinamensis Ruprecht 1839, Bambusa thouarsii Kunth 1822, Bambusa tuldoides Munro, Bambusa vasaria Herbier Hamilton, Dendrocalamus balcooa (Roxburgh) Voigt 1845, Leleba vulgaris (Schrader ex Wendland) Nakai 1933, Nastus thouarsii (Kunth) Raspail 1825, Nastus viviparus Raspail 1825, Phyllostachys striata (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Nakai
8. Caesalpinia decapetala (tree, shrub)
Originating from Tropical Asia, Caesalpinia decapetala has been introduced to many different tropical locations. It has become a major invasive plant in South Africa and Hawai‘i, where it presents formidable opposition for ranches and has the capability to take over large areas of land. This deciduous, sprawling noxious shrub, with numerous spines, forms impenetrable thickets limiting animal movement and smothering other plants.
Common Names: bois sappan, cat's claw, kraaldoring, liane croc chien, Mauritius thorn, mauritiusdoring, Mysore thorn, puakelekino, sappan, shoofly, ubobo-encane, ufenisi, ulozisi, wait-a-bit
Synonyms: Biancaea decapetala (Roth), Biancaea sepiaria (Roxb.) Tod., Biancaea sepiaria (Roxb.) Todaro, Caesalpinia decapetala var. japonica (Sieb. & Zucc.), Caesalpinia sepiaria Roxb., Reichardia decapetala, Reichardia decapetala Roth
9. Cinchona pubescens (tree)
Cinchona pubescens is a widely cultivated tropical forest tree which invades a variety of forest and non-forest habitats. It spreads by wind-dispersed seeds and vegetatively via multiple suckers up to several metres away from original tree once it is established. C. pubescens replaces and outshades native vegetation.
Common Names: arbre à quinine, cascarilla, chinarindenbaum, hoja ahumada, hoja de zambo, quinine, quinoa, quinquina, red cinchona, roja, rosada, Roter Chinarindenbaum
Synonyms: Cinchona chomeliana (Weddell), Cinchona cordifolia (Mutis), Cinchona decurrentifolia (Pavón in Howard), Cinchona hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavón), Cinchona lechleriana (Schlechtendal), Cinchona lutea (Pavón in Howard), Cinchona microphylla (Mutis ex Lamb), Cinchona ovata (Ruiz & Pavón), Cinchona pelalba (Pavón ex DC), Cinchona pelletieriana (Weddell), Cinchona platyphylla (Weddell), Cinchona purpurascens (Weddell), Cinchona purpurea (Ruiz & Pavón), Cinchona rosulenta (Howard ex Weddell), Cinchona rotundifolia (Pavón ex Lambert), Cinchona rufinervis (Weddell), Cinchona succirubra (Pavón ex Klotzsch)
10. Cinnamomum camphora (tree)
Cinnamomum camphora is native to Japan, China, Taiwan and northern Vietnam. C. camphora has become widely naturalised in Australia. In the United States, it grows along the Gulf Coast and in California. C. camphora seeds are easily spread by birds from cultivated yards to open forests, and it is also spread to new locations through plant nursery sales. C. camphora fruits, leaves, and roots are toxic to humans in large doses.
Common Names: alcanfor, alcanforero, arvore da camphora, campher, camphor laurel, camphor tree, camphre, camphrier, canfora, Japanese camphor, kampferbaum, kuso-no-ki
Synonyms: Laurus camphora (L.)
11. Cotinus coggygria (tree, shrub)
Native to Asia and southeastern Europe, Cotinus coggygria is a shrub that occurs naturally in areas with rocky soil and poor soils.
Common Names: European smoketree, festete, fustet, Hungarian fustic, smokebush, smoketree, Venetian-sumac, wig tree, young fustic
Synonyms: Rhus cotinus
12. Dalbergia sissoo (tree)
Dalbergia sissoo is a perennial tree that is economically important for its value in forestry, agroforestry, and horticulture. It provides timber, fuelwood, fodder, has medicinal value, used extensively as an ornamental tree as well as for shading, erosion control, and soil fertility. Native to the Indian sub-continent it is a member of the legume family and can fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through bacteria nodules on its root system. It has been introduced in various countries throughout the world, but has known to be invasive in Australia and in Florida (U.S.).
Common Names: aguru, Bombay blackwood, dalbergia, du-khaek, du-khaek, ébénier juane, gette, Himalaya raintree, India teakwood, Indian dalbergia, Indian rosewood, nukku kattai, ostindisches Rosenholz, pradu-khaek, pradu-khaek, shinshapa, shisham, shishu, shisu, sisam, sisham, sissai, sissau, sisso, sisso, sissoo, sissoo, sissoo, sissu, sisu, sisu, sisuitti, skuva, sonoswaseso, tali, yette
Synonyms: Amerimnon sissoo (Kuntze), Dalbergia pseudo-sissoo (Miq.)
13. Elaeagnus umbellata (tree, shrub)
Elaeagnus umbellata is valued as an ornamental because of its silvery foliage and flowers and its hardiness under dry conditions. It invades grasslands and disturbed areas adjacent to the plantings, and encroachment can be rapid because of its high seed production and germination rate. It grows well on a variety of soils, including sandy, loamy, and somewhat clayey textures. It does very well on infertile soils because its roots can fix nitrogen, which has also fostered its use as a nurse plant in walnut orchards. E. umbellata seeds are ingested with fruit and dispersed by birds and mammals. Seeds are also used in some places for wildlife plantings.E. umbellata has the potential of becoming one of the most troublesome adventive shrubs in the central and eastern United States.
Common Names: aki-gumi, autumn elaeagnus, autumn-olive, silverberry
Synonyms: Elaeagnus argyi H.Lev., Elaeagnus crispa Thunb. var. coreana (H.Lev.) Nakai, Elaeagnus crispa Thunb. var. typica Nakai, Elaeagnus parvifolia Royle, Elaeagnus salicifolia D. Don ex Loudon, Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. subsp. euumbellata Servettaz, Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. subsp. parvifolia (Royle )Servett., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. coreana (H.Lev.) H.Lev., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. parvifolia (Royle) C.K.Schneid., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. typica C.K. Schneid.
14. Eugenia uniflora (tree, shrub)
Eugenia uniflora is an evergreen shrub that can reach tree like proportions. It is a hardy species that can thrive in a variety of habitats, both in its native and introduced range. Eugenia uniflora can quickly reach thick densities which affect understorey light levels, subsequently changing micro-environments. It is also known to host recognised pests and pathogens.
Common Names: Barbados cherry, Brazilian cherry, cayenne cherry, Cayennekirsche, cerese à côtes , cereza quadrada , cerezo de Cayena, cerise carée, cerise créole, cerise de Cayenne, cerise de pays, cerises-cotes , cerisier carré, cerisier de Cayenne, Florida cherry, French cherry, guinda, kafika, kafika palangi, kafika papalangi, menemene, monkie monkie kersie, nagapiry, ñanga-piré , pendanga, pitanga, pitanga-da-praia, red Brazil cherry, Surinaamsche kersh, Surinam cherry, Surinamkirsche, venevene, zoete kers
Synonyms: Eugenia brasiliana (L.) Aubl., Eugenia michelii Lam., Myrtus brasiliana L. , Myrtus brasiliana L. var. normalis Kuntze , Plinia pedunculata L.f. , Plinia rubra L. , Stenocalyx michelii O. Berg , Stenocalyx uniflorus (L.) Kausel
15. Ficus rubiginosa (tree, shrub)
Ficus rubiginosa is potentially a broad, spreading, evergreen tree that is native to eastern Australia. It usually establishes as a hemiepiphyte or lithophyte, developing into a large strangler or rock-breaker on favourable sites, or remaining a small epiphytic or lithophytic shrub on very harsh sites. Ficus rubiginosa has been introduced to various locations throughout the Australia/Pacific region, North America and Europe as an ornamental tree that is tolerant of many climates and its hardiness in urban environments. Ficus rubiginosa has no effective population controls outside Australia. It regularly produces large crops of fruit and can become invasive and adversely affect native plant communities and urban ornamental trees if its symbiont pollinator wasp, Pleistodontes imperialis is also introduced. Further, its powerful root system can seriously damage urban infrastructure in the absence of adequate weed control measures.
Common Names: little leaf fig, Port Jackson fig, rusty fig, rusty-leaved fig
Synonyms: Ficus australis Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 1138 (1806), Ficus baileyana Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 89: 12 (1921). , Ficus leichhardtii (Miq.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavum 3: 268 (1867); , Ficus leichhardtii var. angustata Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavum 3: 268 (1867); , Ficus macrophylla var. pubescens F.M. Bailey, Queensland Agric. J. 26: 316 (1911)., Ficus obliqua var. petiolaris (Benth.) Corner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 17: 402 (1960)., Ficus platypoda var. angustata (Miq.) Corner, Gard. Bull. Singapore 21: 27 (1965). , Ficus platypoda var. leichhardtii (Miq.) R.F.J. Hend., Austrobaileya 4: 119 (1993). , Ficus platypoda var. mollis Benth., Fl. Austral. 6: 170 (1873)., Ficus platypoda var. petiolaris Benth., Fl. Austral. 6: 170 (1873); , Ficus platypoda var. subacuminata Benth., Fl. Austral. 6: 170 (1873). , Ficus rubiginosa var. lucida Maiden, Forest Fl. New South Wales 1: 10 (1902)., Ficus rubiginosa var. variegata Guilf., Austral. Pl. 178 (1911). , Ficus shirleyana Domin, Biblioth. Bot. 89: 12 (1921). , Mastosuke rubiginosa (Desf. ex Vent.) Raf., Sylva Tellur. 59 (1838), Urostigma leichhardtii Miq. J. Bot. Neerl. 1: 235 (1861); , Urostigma rubiginosum (Desf. ex Vent.) Gasp. Nov. Gen. Fic. 7 (1884)
16. Juniperus bermudiana (tree)
         Interim profile, incomplete information
The 'Critically Endangered ('CR') Bermuda juniper (see Juniperus bermudiana in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) is proving to be a "severe threat species" on Ascension Island where vulnerable and near threatened endemic plant species are potentially affected by this species.
Common Names: Bermuda cedar, Bermuda juniper, red cedar, Southern red cedar
17. Leucaena leucocephala (tree)
Leucaena leucocephala is a 'conflict tree' being widely promoted for tropical forage production and reforestation, whilst at the same time it is spreading naturally and is widely reported as a weed. This thornless tree can form dense monospecific thickets and is difficult to eradicate once established. It renders extensive areas unusable and inaccessible and threatens native plants.
Common Names: acacia palida, aroma blanca, balori, bo chet, cassis, false koa, faux mimosa, faux-acacia, fua pepe, ganitnityuwan tangantan, graines de lin, guaje, guaslim, guaxin, huaxin, horse/wild tamarind, huaxin, ipil-ipil, jumbie bean, kan thin, kanthum thect, koa haole, koa-haole, kra thin, kratin, lamtoro, lead tree, leucaena, Leucaena, liliak, lino criollo, lopa samoa, lusina, nito, pepe, rohbohtin, schemu, siale mohemohe, subabul, tamarindo silvestre, tangantangan, tangan-tangan, te kaitetua, telentund, tuhngantuhngan, uaxim, vaivai, vaivai dina, vaivai ni vavalangi, wild mimosa, wild tamarind, zarcilla
Synonyms: Acacia leucocephala (Lamark) Link 1822, Leucaena glabrata Rose 1897, Leucaena glauca (L.) Benth. 1842, Mimosa leucocephala Lamark 1783
18. Ligustrum lucidum (tree)
Ligustrum lucidum (tree privet) is a native of Asia and has been introduced to many different locations, mainly for gardens and hedges. Its ability to grow in different habitats has made it an extremely noxious weed in several places, including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Mozambique and some parts of Continental America.
Common Names: broadleaf privet, glossy privet, large leaf privet, ligustrum privet, privet, tree privet
Synonyms: Esquirolia sinensis H.Lev., Faulia verrucosa Raf., Ligustrum esquirolii H.Lev., Ligustrum hookeri Decne., Ligustrum lucidum Aiton f. var. esquirolii (H.Lev.) H.Lev., Ligustrum nepalense Wall. var. glabrum Hook., Ligustrum roxburghii Blume, Olea clavata G.Don, Phillyrea paniculata Roxb., Visiania paniculata (Roxb.)DC.
19. Ligustrum sinense (tree, shrub)
Ligustrum sinense is a shrub or small tree native to China, Vietnam and Laos that can grow up to 7 metres tall. Its flowers are small and somewhat unpleasantly fragrant and its fruits are dark blue or bluish-black. Ligustrum sinense has been reported in floodplains, wetlands and bogs, as well as in dry, moist and wet forests, waste places, roadsides and open stream systems. It is widespread and common, especially near towns, where it is deliberately planted. Ligustrum sinense may displace shrubs of alluvial forests and remain persistent in these areas. Ligustrum sinense fruits are consumed by wildlife, particularly birds, which often excrete the seeds unharmed at distant locations where they may germinate and become established. Ligustrum sinense can easily escape cultivation to invade adjacent areas and can form dense monospecific thickets.
Common Names: Chinese ligustrum, Chinese privet, troène de Chine, xiao la
Synonyms: Ligustrum calleryanum Decne., Ligustrum indicum (Lour.) Merr., Ligustrum microcarpum Kaneh. & Sasaki, Ligustrum sinense Lour. var. multiflorum Bowles, Ligustrum sinense Lour. var. villosum (May) Rehder, Ligustrum sinense var. stauntonii (DC.) Rehder, Ligustrum stauntonii DC., Ligustrum villosum May, Olea consanguinea Hance, Olea walpersiana Hance, Phillyrea indica Lour.
20. Melaleuca quinquenervia (tree)
Melaleuca quinquenervia is a tall tree native to Eastern Australia, New Guinea and New Caledonia. It can reach 20-25 metres in height and its bark is whitish or pale brown, spongy, peeling and in many layers. Large numbers of seeds are stored in fruiting capsules and are released when fire or other disturbance occurs. Seeds are dispersed by wind and water and seedlings may grow into almost impenetrable monocultures. In the Florida Everglades and surrounding areas, where it was widely planted for landscaping and for "swamp drying", the trees grow into immense forests, virtually eliminating all other vegetation. In Hawaii it is naturalised in disturbed mesic forest and invades open swampy areas and other wet habitats between 100-1,000 m.
Common Names: cajeput, Mao-Holzrose, melaleuca, niaouli, paper bark tree, punk tree
21. Melia azedarach (tree, shrub)
Melia azedarach is a tree of the mahogany family that is native to Australasia and often planted as an ornamental shade tree. It invades along roadways, fencerows and other disturbed areas. Melia azedarach has also been found in upland grasslands, woodlands, pastures and riparian areas. Melia azedarach requires open sun, but adapts to a wide range of soil moisture conditions. It grows between sea level and 700 metres in open dry habitats and is highly resistant to insects and other pathogens. It produces much fruit, which is consumed by birds that disperse the seeds. Melia azedarach also reproduces vegetatively by forming root suckers, which allows it to spread and form dense, thickets.
Common Names: ‘ilinia, ‘inia, alelaila, amargoseira-do-Himalaio , arbre à chapelets , bakain, chinaberry , chuan liang zi , dake, Indian lilac, indischer Zedrachbaum , jazmin, lelah, lilas, lilas de l'Inde, lilas de Perse, lilas des Indes , margosa tree, margosier, melia, para‘isu , paraíso, Persian lilac, persischer Flieder , petit lilas, prais, pride-of-India, sendan , Sichuan pagoda-tree , sili, sita, syringa berrytree , tili, tira , umbrella tree, white cedar
Synonyms: Antelaea javanica Gaertn. , Azedarach amena Raf. , Azedarach deleteria Medik. , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma arguta (DC.) Kuntze, Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma longifoliola Kuntze , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma sambucina (Blume) Kuntze, Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma squamulosa (C.DC.) Kuntze, Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma subdentata Kuntze , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma typica Kuntze , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze var. australasica (Juss.) Kuntze, Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze var. dubia (Cav. ex M.Roem.) Kuntze, Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze var. glabrior Kuntze , Azedarach sempervirens Kuntze forma incisodentata Kuntze , Azedarach speciosa Raf. , Azedarach vulgaris M.Gómez , Melia angustifolia Schumach. , Melia arguta DC. , Melia australasica Juss. , Melia australis Sweet, Melia azedarach L. forma albiflora Makino , Melia azedarach L. forma umbraculifera (G.Knox) Rehder, Melia azedarach L. subvar. intermedia Makino , Melia azedarach L. subvar. semperflorens (Makino) Makino, Melia azedarach L. var. acuminatissima Miq. , Melia azedarach L. var. australasica (Juss.) C.DC., Melia azedarach L. var. biglandulosa Pierre ex Pellegr. , Melia azedarach L. var. cochinchinensis (Pierre) Pellegr., Melia azedarach L. var. floribunda (Carrière) Morren, Melia azedarach L. var. glabrior C.DC. , Melia azedarach L. var. glandulosa Pierre , Melia azedarach L. var. incisa Miq. , Melia azedarach L. var. intermedia (Makino) Makino, Melia azedarach L. var. japonica (G.Don) Makino, Melia azedarach L. var. javanica Koord. & Valeton , Melia azedarach L. var. sambucina (Blume) Miq., Melia azedarach L. var. sempervirens L. , Melia azedarach L. var. squamulosa C.DC. , Melia azedarach L. var. subtripinnata Miq. , Melia azedarach L. var. umbraculifera G.Knox , Melia azedarach L. var. umbraculiformis Berckmans & L.H.Bailey , Melia azedarach L. var. umbraculifera Knox , Melia azedarach var. japonica (G. Don) Makino , Melia birmanica Kurz , Melia bogoriensis Koord. & Valeton , Melia candollei Juss. , Melia cochinchinensis M.Roem. , Melia commelinii Medik. , Melia composita Willd. , Melia composita Willd. var. cochinchinensis Pierre , Melia dubia Cav. ex M.Roem. , Melia floribunda Carrière , Melia florida Salisb. , Melia guineensis G.Don , Melia hasskarlii K.Koch , Melia japonica G.Don , Melia japonica G.Don var. semperflorens Makino , Melia japonica G.Don var. squamulosa C.DC. , Melia japonica Hassk. , Melia japonica var. semperflorens Makino, Melia javanica M.Roem. , Melia orientalisM.Roem. , Melia robusta Roxb. ex G.Don , Melia sambucina Blume , Melia sempervirens Sw., Melia superba Roxb. , Melia toosendan Siebold & Zucc.
22. Miconia calvescens (tree)
A highly ornamental tree from South America, Miconia calvescens was introduced to a botanical garden on the island of Tahiti in 1937. Its huge red and purple leaves made Miconia calvescens highly desirable for gardeners and was spread into the wild by fruit-eating birds. Today, more than half of Tahiti is heavily invaded by this plant. Miconia calvescens has a superficial and tentacular rooting system that contributes to landslides. It has also become the dominant canopy tree over large areas of Tahiti, shading out the entire forest understorey. Scientists estimate that several of the island’s endemic species are threatened with extinction as a result of habitat loss due to Miconia calvescens. It has been introduced to other Pacific islands, including Hawaii where it was introduced as an ornamental in the 1960s. The plant has since been found in many locations on the Hawaiian Islands. It is still sold as an ornamental plant in the tropics.
Common Names: bush currant, cancer vert, miconia, purple plague, velvet tree
Synonyms: Cyanophyllum magnificum Groenland 1859, Miconia magnifica Triana 1871
23. Morella faya (tree, shrub)
Morella faya, commonly called the fire tree, is a native to the Azores, Madeira Islands and the Canary Islands. It has been introduced to several places including Hawaii, New Zealand and Australia. This fast growing tree, whose dispersal is facilitated by introduced frugivorous birds, is capable of rapidly forming dense stands and has a negative effect on the recruitment and persistence of native plant species.
Common Names: candleberry myrtle, fayatree, Feuerbaum, fire tree, firebush
Synonyms: Myrica faya Ait.
24. Paulownia tomentosa (tree)
Paulownia tomentosa is a small to medium sized tree, native to Asia that was introduced to North America as an ornamental but is now also commercially farmed. Paulownia tomentosa grows best on moist, well-drained soils on steep slopes or open valleys, but it can also establish itself readily on poor quality sites, such as abandoned surface mines, along roadways, railways and steep, rocky waterways. Paulownia tomentosa is considered to be an aggressive ornamental tree that grows rapidly in disturbed natural areas.
Common Names: empress tree, foxglove-tree , karritree, kiri, princess tree
25. Piper aduncum (tree, shrub)
Piper aduncum is a shrub or small tree that is a native of the West Indies and mainland tropical America from Mexico to northern Argentina. It is an invader of disturbed areas, where it is able to form thickets and spreads by sprouts and suckers. Piper aduncum is a problem in some Pacific Islands, where it can interfere with the harvesting of the related kava plant. Piper aduncum has a number of uses, including traditional medicines and agroforestry.
Common Names: aerta ruão, anisillo, bamboo piper, cordoncillo, cow's foot, false kava, false matico, guayayo, higuillo, higuillo de hoja menuda, jaborandi-do-mato, jointwood, man anesi wiwiri, matico, pimenta-de-macaco, Santa María negra, spiked pepper, yanggona ni Onolulu, yaqona ni Onolulu
Synonyms: Artanthe adunca (L.) Miq. 1840, Artanthe celtidifolia (Kunth) Miq. 1844, Piper aduncifolium Trel. 1929, Piper aduncum L. var. laevifolium C.DC. 1920, Piper anguillaespicum Trel. 1929, Piper celtidifolium Kunth 1816, Piper disparispicum Trel. 1929, Piper elongatum Vahl var. laevifolium (C.DC.) Trel. 1927, Piper fatoanum C.DC. 1920, Piper flavescens (C.DC.) Trel. 1929, Piper hebecarpum C.DC. 1902, Piper intersitum Trel. 1940, Piper intersitum Trel. var. porcecitense Trel. 1940, Piper martinicense C.DC. 1898, Piper martinicense C.DC. var. genuinum Stehle 1940, Piper martinicense C.DC. var. montis-pilati C.DC. 1902, Piper multinervium M.Martens & Galeotti var. amplum Trel. 1938, Piper multinervium M.Martens & Galeotti var. kantelolense Trel. 1938, Piper multinervium M.Martens & Galeotti 1843, Piper multinervium M.Martens & Galeotti var. skutchii Trel. 1938, Piper oblanceolatum Trel. var. fragilicaule Trel. 1929, Piper pseudovelutinum C.DC. var. flavescens C.DC. 1891, Piper stehleorum Trel. 1940, Piper submolle Trel. 1929, Piper subrectinerve C.DC. 1902, Steffensia adunca (L.) Kunth 1840, Steffensia celtidifolia (Kunth) Kunth 1840
26. Pittosporum undulatum (tree, shrub)
Pittosporum undulatum is an evergreen tree that is often used as an ornamental plant, due to its attractive fragrant flowers. It is native to south-eastern Australia but has now spread to a number of islands in the Pacific and Caribbean, as well as islands in the Atlantic and to South Africa. It is also invasive In Australia outside its native range. Research is being carried out in Jamaica to determine the most effective methods of control for this species.
Common Names: Australian cheesewood, mock orange, native daphne, orange pittosporum, sweet pittosporum, Victorian box, Victorian laurel, wild coffee
27. Populus alba (tree)
Populus alba is a member of the willow family (Salicaceae) that is native to Eurasia. It is a dioecious species and female mature trees can produce large seed crops. Populus alba spreads to new locations when mature trees release thousands of wind-dispersed seeds that may be carried long distances. It is an especially strong competitor as it can grow in a variety of soils and resprout easily in response to damage. Local spread of male and female trees occurs vegetatively via root suckers.
Common Names: alamo blanco, gattice, gin-doro, hakuyo, peuplier blanc, pioppo bianco, silber-pappel, silver-leaf poplar, urajiro-hako-yanagi, white poplar, xin bai yang
Synonyms: Populus alba L. var. bolleana (Lauche), Populus alba L. var. pyramidalis (Bunge)
28. Psidium cattleianum (tree, shrub)
Psidium cattleianum is native to Brazil, but has been naturalised in Florida, Hawaii, tropical Polynesia, Norfolk Island and Mauritius for its edible fruit. It forms thickets and shades out native vegetation in tropical forests and woodlands. It has had a devastating effect on native habitats in Mauritius and is considered the worst plant pest in Hawi, where it has invaded a variety of natural areas. It benefits from feral pigs (Sus scrofa) which, by feeding on its fruit, serve as a dispersal agent for its seeds. In turn, the guava provides favourable conditions for feral pigs, facilitating further habitat degradation.
Common Names: cattley guava, cherry guava, Chinese guava, Erdbeer-Guave, gargoulette, gouyavier, goyave de Chine, kuahpa, ngguava, purple strawberry guava, strawberry guava, tuava tinito, waiawi
Synonyms: Psidium cattleianum var. littorale (O. Berg) Fosb., Psidium littorale Raddi
29. Psidium guajava (tree, shrub)
Psidium guajava is a tropical tree or shrub. It is native to central America from Mexico to northern South America. It has been introduced to most tropical and sub-tropical locations around the world for its edible fruit. In some countries the harvesting, processing and export of the fruit forms the basis of a sizeable industry. Due in part to its ability to grow on a variety of soils and across a range of climates, P. guajava has become invasive . Pastures and fields are overrun and native plants are outcompeted by this species, which has the ability to form dense thickets. This has led to its designation in many areas as a noxious weed to be controlled or eradicated. It is ranked by some authorities amongst the highest invasive categories.
Common Names: abas, abwas, amarood, amrut, apas, araca, banjiro, bayabas, bayawas, biyabas, dipajaya jambu, djamboe, djambu, farang, goaibeira, goavier, goeajaaba, goejaba, goiaba, goiabeiro, gouyav, gouyave, goyave, goyavier, guabang, guahva, guava, guave, guavenbaum, guayaba, guayaba silvestre, guayabilla, guayabo, guayave, guayavo, guwafah, guyaaba, guyabas, guyava, jambu batu, jambu batu, jambu berase, jambu biji, jambu kampuchia, jambu klutuk, jamphal, jamrukh, kautoga, kautoga tane, kautonga, kautonga tane, koejawal, kuabang, kuafa, kuahpa, kuava, ku'ava, kuawa, kuawa ke'oke'o, kuawa lemi, kuawa momona, kuhfahfah, kuma, kuwawa, lemon guava, ma-kuai, ma-man, ngguava ni India, nguava, oi, pauwa, perala, petokal, quwawa, sapari, si da, te kuava, te kuawa, tokal, trapaek sruk, tuava, tu'ava, tu'avu, tumu tuava, tuvava, xalxocot
Synonyms: Guajava pyrifera (L.) Kuntze, Myrtus guajava var. pyrifera (L.) Kuntze, Myrtus guajava (L.) Kuntze, Psidium aromaticum, Psidium cujavillus Burm. f., Psidium guajava var. cujavillum (Burman) Krug and Urb., Psidium guajava var. guajava, Psidium guava Griseb., Psidium guayava Raddi, Psidium igatemyensis Barb. Rodr., Psidium pomiferum L., Psidium pumilum var. guadalupense, Psidium pumilum Vahl, Psidium pyriferum L.
30. Pyrus calleryana (tree)
Native to Asia, Pyrus calleryana is one of the most commonly used ornamental trees in the urban landscape in the United States. Early forms of cultivated Pyrus calleryana were thought to be sterile, however with the presence of two or more cultivars in one location, fruit set is increased for most cultivars. Thought to be a very low invasive threat as recent as the early 1990's, new cultivars of Pyrus calleryana are producing viable seed banks at an increasing frequency and now are considered invasive in several states. The extent of the ecological impact of this increasingly invasive species is yet to be seen in the United States, but in general P. calleryana can disrupt the establishment of middle to late successional species in disturbed areas.
Common Names: Bradford pear, Callery pear, dou li, mame-nashi
31. Rhamnus cathartica (tree)
Rhamnus cathartica commonly known as common or European buckthorn is a deciduous small tree that prefers lightly shaded conditions. It is tolerant of many soil types and can be found in open oak woods, deadfall openings in woodlands and edges of woodlands. It may also be found in prairies and open fields. It tends to form dense, often even-aged thickets, crowding and shading out native shrubs and herbs. In fire-adapted ecosystems the lack of vegetation under buckthorn prohibits fires. R. cathartica is also an alternate host of the crown rust of oats. Fire is very effective in controlling R. cathartica and is a preferred method when the population is young. In wetlands water tables have been artificially lowered in order to attempt to control this species.
Common Names: buckthorn, Carolina buckthorn, cervispina, common buckthorn , épine noire, espinheiro-cerval, European buckthorn , European waythorn , Hart's thorn , Kreuzdorn, nerprun cathartique, nerprun purgatif, tamuje
32. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (tree, shrub)
  See eradication or other absence information
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is a large evergreen shrub native to Southeast Asia that has become an invasive species in other tropical and subtropical countries. Introduced to many areas as an ornamental plant, it has spread, forming large, monospecific thickets that displace native flora and fauna. Areas especially affected include Florida, Hawai‘i and French Polynesia.
Common Names: Ceylon hill gooseberry, downy myrtle, downy rose myrtle, feijoa, hill gooseberry, hill guava, Isenberg bush, myrte-groseille, rose myrtle
Synonyms: Myrtus canescens Lour., Myrtus tomentosa Aiton 1789, Rhodomyrtus parviflora Alston 1931 , Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Ait. Wight
33. Robinia pseudoacacia (tree)
Robinia pseudoacacia is a leguminous deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States that has been widely introduced to other parts of North America. It is commonly found in disturbed areas such as old fields, degraded woods, forest edges, and roadsides, but it poses the greatest threat to dry and sand prairies and oak savannas. R. pseudoacacia has been planted on reclaimed land to control erosion and has been used for ornamental purposes. It reproduces vigorously by root suckering and stump sprouting to form groves of trees interconnected by a common root system.
Common Names: acacia blanc, black locust, false acacia, Post locust, robinia akacjowa, robinier, robinier faux acacia, robinier faux-acacia, yellow locust
Synonyms: Robinia pseudoacacia var. rectissima (L.) Raber
34. Rubus rosifolius (tree, shrub)
Rubus rosifolius is a prickly shrub that produces edible red berries. It is valued for a number of culinary and medicinal purposes. This species has become invasive in Hawai‘i and French Polynesia, where it is capable of intruding into the understory of rainforests. Prickly stems and an ability to form dense thickets make R. rosifolius undesirable in many areas.
Common Names: akala, akalakala, forest bramble, framboisier, frambueso de Africa, Mauritius raspberry, native bramble, native raspberry, ola'a, roseleaf raspberry, thimbleberry
Synonyms: Rubus commersonnii Poir., Rubus coronarius, Rubus eustephanos var. coronarius, Rubus rosaefolius Smith, Rubus rosifolius Smith var. coronarius Sims, Rubus rosifolius var. commersonii, Rubus rosifolius var. rosifolius
35. Salix cinerea (tree, shrub)
Salix cinerea can be classified as a shrub or small tree. It has become particularly invasive in the Australasian-Pacific region where it is extremely hardy and tolerant of a wide range of soils and habitats, including areas that were previously uninhabited. Salix cinerea will obstruct and divert streams, invading shallow water by the layering of branches and toppling of over-mature, live stems. Displacement of native vegetation occurs with a loss of biodiversity, and reduction in the quantity and quality. The root system can modify banks and streams, eliminating niches for a variety of organisms.
Common Names: asch Weide , graa pil , Grau Weide , gray sallow, gray willow, pussy willow, salice cerognolo , saule cendré , wierzba szara
Synonyms: Salix acuminata Mill., Salix aquatica Sm., Salix cinerea f. tricolor Dippel
36. Schinus terebinthifolius (tree)
Native to Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil, Schinus terebinthifolius is a pioneer of disturbed sites, but is also successful in undisturbed natural environments. It is an aggressive evergreen shrub or small tree, 3-7 metres in height that grows in a variety of soil types and prefers partial sun. Schinus terebinthifolius produces shady habitats that repel other plant species and discourage colonisation by native fauna and alter the natural fire regime. Its fruit has a 'paralysing effect' on birds and even grazing animals when ingested. Schinus terebinthifolius seeds are dispersed by birds and mammals and it readily escapes from garden environments. It is planted as both an ornamental and shade tree and has many uses.
Common Names: Brazilian holly, Brazilian pepper, Brazilian pepper tree, Christmas berry, faux poivrier, Florida holly, Mexican pepper, pimienta de Brasil, poivre rose, Rosapfeffer, warui
37. Solanum mauritianum (tree, shrub)
Solanum mauritianum is a widespread invasive weed belonging to the nightshade family. It has the ability to crowd out native plants if growing densely, but, if occurring sparsely, it may act as a nursery crop. All parts of Solanum mauritianum plant are poisonous to humans, especially the berries. This plant is dispersed by birds, with the fruit being especially favoured by some species. Biological control of this species has been undertaken in South Africa.
Common Names: bois de tabac marron, bringellier marron, bugweed, flannel weed, groot bitterappel, igayintombi, isigwayana, kerosene plant, luisboom, morelle de Maurice, pua nana honua, pula, rau 'ava'ava, tabac marron, tobacco weed, tree tobacco, umbanga banga, wild tobacco, woolly nightshade
Synonyms: Solanum auriculatum Aiton 1789, Solanum carterianum Rock 1913, Solanum tabaccifolium Vell. 1829, Solanum verbascifolium L. forma typicum Hassl. 1918, Solanum verbascifolium L. ssp. auriculatum (Aiton) Hassl. 1918, Solanum verbascifolium L. var. auriculatum (Aiton) Kuntze 1891
38. Spathodea campanulata (tree)
Spathodea campanulata is an evergreen tree from West Africa that is widely planted throughout the tropics and has naturalised in many parts of the Pacific. It favours moist habitats and will grow best in sheltered tropical areas. It is invasive in Hawaii, Fiji, Guam, Vanuatu, the Cook Islands and Samoa, and is a potential invader in several other tropical locations.
Common Names: African tulip tree, Afrikanischer Tulpenbaum, amapola, apär, baton du sorcier, fa‘apasi, fireball, flame of the forest, fountain tree, Indian Cedar, ko‘i‘i, mata ko‘i‘I, mimi, orsachel kui, patiti vai, pisse-pisse, pititi vai, rarningobchey, Santo Domingo Mahogany, taga mimi, tiulipe, tuhke dulip, tulipan africano, tulipier du Gabon
Synonyms: Spathodea danckelmaniana Buettner, Spathodea nilotica Seem., Spathodea tulipifera (Thonn.) G.Don
39. Syzygium cumini (tree)
Syzygium cumini has been introduced to many different places where it has been utilised as a fruit producer, as an ornamental and also for its timber. It has the ability to form a dense cover, excluding all other species. This characteristic has allowed Syzygium cumini to become invasive in Hawaii where it prevents the re-establishment of native lowland forest and very invasive in the Cook Islands and in French Polynesia. This tree has not been evaluated for biological control, but vigorous efforts to exterminate it with herbicides are taking place in Hawaii.
Common Names: black plum, damson plum, djoowet, doowet, druif, duhat, duhat, faux-pistachier, guayabo pesjua, indian blackberry, jalao, jaman, jambhool, jamblang, jambol, jambolan plum, jambolanier, jambool, jambu, jambul, jambulao, jamelao, jamelong, jamelongue, jamélongue, jamelonguier, jamelon-guier, jammun, jamoen, Java plum, jiwat, Ka'ika, kavika ni India, koeli, koriang, lomboy, lunaboy, ma-ha, Malabar plum, mesegerak, mesekerrak, mesekerrák, mesigerak, paramu, pesjua extranjera, pistati, Portuguese plum, pring bai, pring das krebey, purple plum, salam, va, voi rung, wa
Synonyms: Calyptranthes caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Willd., Calyptranthes oneillii Lundell, Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, Eugenia jambolana Lam., Eugenia caryophyllifolia Lam., Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, Eugenia jambolana Lam., Myrtus cumini L., Syzygium jambolana (Lam.) DC., Syzygium jambolanum DC., Syzygium caryophyllifolium (Lam.) DC., Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC.
40. Triadica sebifera (tree)
Triadica sebifera is a tree in the Euphorbiaceae family which typically reaches a maximum height of 15m at maturity. It is adapted to a variety of disturbed sites and a wide range of soil conditions. Triadica sebifera aggressively displaces native plants and forms monospecific stands within decades of its appearance. It is also able to alter nutrient cycles by enhancing productivity in ecosystems by the addition of nitrogen and phosphorous from the rapid decay of its leaves which produce tannins. Triadica sebifera is shade, sun, drought, flood, freeze and salt tolerant and is also suspected of reducing nesting habitat for a variety of avian species. Management of this species is an arduous process and not suitable for all infested sites.
Common Names: árbol del sebo, arbre à suif, boiré, candleberry-tree, chicken tree, Chinese tallow, Chinesischer talgbaum, Florida aspen, popcorn tree, tallow tree, vegetable tallow, white waxberry
Synonyms: Croton sebiferum L, Excoecaria sebifera Müll. Arg, Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb, Stillingia sebifera (L.) Michx, Triadica sinensis Lour
41. Ulex europaeus (tree, shrub)
Ulex europaeus is a spiny, perennial, evergreen shrub that grows in dense and impenetrable thickets which exclude grazing animals. It is common in disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands, forest margins, coastal habitats and waste places. Ulex europaeus is a very successful and tenacious plant once it becomes established and is extremely competitive, displacing cultivated and native plants, and altering soil conditions by fixing nitrogen and acidifying the soil. It creates an extreme fire hazard due to abundant dead material and its oily, highly flammable foliage and seeds. Soil is often bare between individual plants, which increases erosion on steep slopes where Ulex europaeus has replaced grasses or forbs. Spiny and mostly unpalatable when mature, Ulex europaeus reduces pasture quality where it invades rangeland. Ulex europaeus understorey in cultivated forests interferes with operations; increasing pruning and thinning costs and can interfere with the growth of conifer seedlings.
Common Names: ajonc, ajonc d'Europe, bois jonc, chacay, furze, Gaspeldoorn, genêt, Ginestra spinosa, gorse, jonc marin, kolcolist zachodni, picapica, Stechginster, Tojo, vigneau, vIrish furze, whin, zépinard des hauts
42. Ziziphus mauritiana (tree, shrub)
Ziziphus mauritiana is widely cultivated in dry areas throughout the tropics. It tolerates extremely dry habitats and is an extremely valuable tree for people that live in such climates. Ziziphus mauritiana has a multitude of uses, including culinary and medicinal. It can form dense stands and become invasive in some areas, including Fiji and Australia. In Australia Ziziphus mauritiana has the capacity to greatly expand its current range in northern and northeastern Australia. The main industry affected is the cattle industry but Ziziphus mauritiana also has environmental impacts in woodland and savanna ecosystems.
Common Names: aprin, baer, baher , bahir, bedara, ber, bor, Chinee apple, Chinese apple , Chinese date , coolie plum, crabapple, dindoulier, dunk, dunks, dunks, gingeolier, Indian cherry, Indian jujube , Indian plum, jujube, jujube, jujube du pays, jujubier, jujubier, jujubier indien, liane croc chien, Malay jujube, mangustine, manzana (apple), manzanas, manzanita, manzanita (little apple), masson, ma-tan, perita haitiana, petit pomme, phutsa, pomme malcadi, pomme surette, ponsigne, prune Saint Paul, putrea, tao, tao nhuc, widara, widara, yuyubi, yuyubo
Synonyms: Rhamnus jujuba L., Rhamnus mauritiana Soyer-Willemet, Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Lam., non P. Mill., Ziziphus aucheri Boiss., Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Gaertn., Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Gaertn. var. fruticosa Haines, Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Gaertn. var. stenocarpa Kuntze, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. var. deserticola A. Chev., Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. var. orthacantha (DC.) A. Chev., Ziziphus orthacantha DC, Ziziphus poiretii G. Don, Ziziphus rotundata DC.

Biostatus not specified

1. Adenanthera pavonina (tree)
A medium-sized tree up to 15m high, Adenanthera pavonina is native to India and Malaysia. It has been planted extensively throughout the tropics as an ornamental and has become naturalised in many countries. It invades intact, undisturbed hardwood forests as well as disturbed sites and can quickly form large colonies.
Common Names: arbre collier, bead tree, bois de condori, bois noir de Bourbon, bois noir rouge, carolina, colales, coral bean tree, culalis, false wili wili, falso-sândalo, kaikes, kolales, kulales, kulalis, la'aulopa, lera, lerendamu, lopa, metekam, metkam, metkem, mwetkwem, olho-de-pavão, paina, peacock flower-fence, peacock tree, pitipitio, pomea, red sandalwood tree, redbeadtree, segavé, telengtúngd, telentundalel, vaivai, vaivainivavalangi
Synonyms: Adenanthera gersenii Scheffer, Adenanthera polita Miq
2. Ligustrum lucidum (tree)
Ligustrum lucidum (tree privet) is a native of Asia and has been introduced to many different locations, mainly for gardens and hedges. Its ability to grow in different habitats has made it an extremely noxious weed in several places, including Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Mozambique and some parts of Continental America.
Common Names: broadleaf privet, glossy privet, large leaf privet, ligustrum privet, privet, tree privet
Synonyms: Esquirolia sinensis H.Lev., Faulia verrucosa Raf., Ligustrum esquirolii H.Lev., Ligustrum hookeri Decne., Ligustrum lucidum Aiton f. var. esquirolii (H.Lev.) H.Lev., Ligustrum nepalense Wall. var. glabrum Hook., Ligustrum roxburghii Blume, Olea clavata G.Don, Phillyrea paniculata Roxb., Visiania paniculata (Roxb.)DC.
3. Pinus spp. (tree)
Pinus spp.(pines) are considered to be the most ecologically and economically significant tree genus in the world, distinguished from other conifers in their role as an aggressive post-disturbance coloniser. The natural range for pines is in the northern hemisphere, but they have been cultivated in many parts of the world, forming the foundation of exotic forestry enterprises in many southern hemisphere countries. In many of these areas, pines have invaded the adjacent natural vegetation, and they are now amongst the most widespread and damaging invasive alien trees in the world.
Common Names: Austrian pine (P. nigra ssp. nigra), big cone pine (P. coulteri), bishop pine (P. muricata), contorta (P. contorta), lodgepole pine (P. contorta), maritime pine (P. pinaster), Monterrey pine (P. radiata), Ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa), radiata pine (P. radiata), remarkable pine (P. radiata, Scots pine (P. sylvestris), wilding pines
4. Spathodea campanulata (tree)
Spathodea campanulata is an evergreen tree from West Africa that is widely planted throughout the tropics and has naturalised in many parts of the Pacific. It favours moist habitats and will grow best in sheltered tropical areas. It is invasive in Hawaii, Fiji, Guam, Vanuatu, the Cook Islands and Samoa, and is a potential invader in several other tropical locations.
Common Names: African tulip tree, Afrikanischer Tulpenbaum, amapola, apär, baton du sorcier, fa‘apasi, fireball, flame of the forest, fountain tree, Indian Cedar, ko‘i‘i, mata ko‘i‘I, mimi, orsachel kui, patiti vai, pisse-pisse, pititi vai, rarningobchey, Santo Domingo Mahogany, taga mimi, tiulipe, tuhke dulip, tulipan africano, tulipier du Gabon
Synonyms: Spathodea danckelmaniana Buettner, Spathodea nilotica Seem., Spathodea tulipifera (Thonn.) G.Don
5. Syzygium cumini (tree)
Syzygium cumini has been introduced to many different places where it has been utilised as a fruit producer, as an ornamental and also for its timber. It has the ability to form a dense cover, excluding all other species. This characteristic has allowed Syzygium cumini to become invasive in Hawaii where it prevents the re-establishment of native lowland forest and very invasive in the Cook Islands and in French Polynesia. This tree has not been evaluated for biological control, but vigorous efforts to exterminate it with herbicides are taking place in Hawaii.
Common Names: black plum, damson plum, djoowet, doowet, druif, duhat, duhat, faux-pistachier, guayabo pesjua, indian blackberry, jalao, jaman, jambhool, jamblang, jambol, jambolan plum, jambolanier, jambool, jambu, jambul, jambulao, jamelao, jamelong, jamelongue, jamélongue, jamelonguier, jamelon-guier, jammun, jamoen, Java plum, jiwat, Ka'ika, kavika ni India, koeli, koriang, lomboy, lunaboy, ma-ha, Malabar plum, mesegerak, mesekerrak, mesekerrák, mesigerak, paramu, pesjua extranjera, pistati, Portuguese plum, pring bai, pring das krebey, purple plum, salam, va, voi rung, wa
Synonyms: Calyptranthes caryophyllifolia (Lam.) Willd., Calyptranthes oneillii Lundell, Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, Eugenia jambolana Lam., Eugenia caryophyllifolia Lam., Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, Eugenia jambolana Lam., Myrtus cumini L., Syzygium jambolana (Lam.) DC., Syzygium jambolanum DC., Syzygium caryophyllifolium (Lam.) DC., Syzygium jambolanum (Lam.) DC.
6. Ulex europaeus (tree, shrub)
Ulex europaeus is a spiny, perennial, evergreen shrub that grows in dense and impenetrable thickets which exclude grazing animals. It is common in disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands, forest margins, coastal habitats and waste places. Ulex europaeus is a very successful and tenacious plant once it becomes established and is extremely competitive, displacing cultivated and native plants, and altering soil conditions by fixing nitrogen and acidifying the soil. It creates an extreme fire hazard due to abundant dead material and its oily, highly flammable foliage and seeds. Soil is often bare between individual plants, which increases erosion on steep slopes where Ulex europaeus has replaced grasses or forbs. Spiny and mostly unpalatable when mature, Ulex europaeus reduces pasture quality where it invades rangeland. Ulex europaeus understorey in cultivated forests interferes with operations; increasing pruning and thinning costs and can interfere with the growth of conifer seedlings.
Common Names: ajonc, ajonc d'Europe, bois jonc, chacay, furze, Gaspeldoorn, genêt, Ginestra spinosa, gorse, jonc marin, kolcolist zachodni, picapica, Stechginster, Tojo, vigneau, vIrish furze, whin, zépinard des hauts

Native Species

1. Elaeagnus umbellata (tree, shrub)
Elaeagnus umbellata is valued as an ornamental because of its silvery foliage and flowers and its hardiness under dry conditions. It invades grasslands and disturbed areas adjacent to the plantings, and encroachment can be rapid because of its high seed production and germination rate. It grows well on a variety of soils, including sandy, loamy, and somewhat clayey textures. It does very well on infertile soils because its roots can fix nitrogen, which has also fostered its use as a nurse plant in walnut orchards. E. umbellata seeds are ingested with fruit and dispersed by birds and mammals. Seeds are also used in some places for wildlife plantings.E. umbellata has the potential of becoming one of the most troublesome adventive shrubs in the central and eastern United States.
Common Names: aki-gumi, autumn elaeagnus, autumn-olive, silverberry
Synonyms: Elaeagnus argyi H.Lev., Elaeagnus crispa Thunb. var. coreana (H.Lev.) Nakai, Elaeagnus crispa Thunb. var. typica Nakai, Elaeagnus parvifolia Royle, Elaeagnus salicifolia D. Don ex Loudon, Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. subsp. euumbellata Servettaz, Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. subsp. parvifolia (Royle )Servett., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. coreana (H.Lev.) H.Lev., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. parvifolia (Royle) C.K.Schneid., Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. var. typica C.K. Schneid.
2. Robinia pseudoacacia (tree)
Robinia pseudoacacia is a leguminous deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States that has been widely introduced to other parts of North America. It is commonly found in disturbed areas such as old fields, degraded woods, forest edges, and roadsides, but it poses the greatest threat to dry and sand prairies and oak savannas. R. pseudoacacia has been planted on reclaimed land to control erosion and has been used for ornamental purposes. It reproduces vigorously by root suckering and stump sprouting to form groves of trees interconnected by a common root system.
Common Names: acacia blanc, black locust, false acacia, Post locust, robinia akacjowa, robinier, robinier faux acacia, robinier faux-acacia, yellow locust
Synonyms: Robinia pseudoacacia var. rectissima (L.) Raber

The Global Invasive Species Database is managed by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. It was developed as part of the global initiative on invasive species led by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and is supported through partnerships with the National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Conditions of use.