Eugenia uniflora (tree, shrub)

Ecology Distribution Management Info Impact Info References and Links Contacts

Management Information Preventative measures: A Risk Assessment of Eugenia uniflora for Hawaii and other Pacific islands was prepared by Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany) with funding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service. The alien plant screening system is derived from Pheloung et al. (1999) with minor modifications for use in Pacific islands (Daehler et al. 2004. The result is a score of 12 and a recommendation of: "Likely to cause significant ecological or economic harm in Hawaii and on other Pacific Islands as determined by a high WRA score, which is based on published sources describing species biology and behaviour in Hawaii and/or other parts of the world." Chemical: Kline and Duquesnel (1996) report that using the Cut Surface method of chemical application with Garlon 3A at 50% concentration or a 10% concentration of Garlon 4 achieved a rating of "Good" control. Basal bark application of Garlon 4 at 10% concentration only received a rating of "Moderate" control. Biological: Research into the biological control of E. uniflora has not been conducted, but certain invertebrates and diseases are known to attack this species. E. uniflora are highly attractive to Caribbean and Mediterranean fruit flies, but the incidence of infestation was found to vary greatly from location to location, with some plants being unmolested. Scale insects and caterpillars occasionally attack the foliage. Diseases encountered in its invasive range in Florida are leaf spot caused by Cercospora eugeniae, Helminthosporium sp., and Phyllostica eugeniae; thread blight from infection by Corticium stevensii; anthracnose from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; twig dieback and root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani; and mushroom root rot, Armillariella (Clitocybe) tabescens (Morton, 1987).          Location Specific Management Information French Polynesia (Polynésie Française)   Decree No. 65 CM of January 23, 2006 presents a list of 35 invasive plants declared to be "Species that threaten biodiversity", one of which is Eugenia uniflora. These plants are subject to a ban on new imports, propagation and planting, and prohibition of transfer from one island to another of any whole plant, fragment of plant, cutting, fruit or seed. Their destruction is permitted.          Management Resources/Links 1. Kline, W. N., and J. G. Duquesnel. 1996. Management of invasive exotic plants with herbicides in Flordia. Down To Earth, Vol. 51, No. 2, 1996. 2. Morton, J. 1987. E. uniflora. p. 386-388. In: Fruits of warm climates. Julia F. Morton, Miami, FL.         Summary: Available from: http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/surinam_cherry.html [Accessed 3 March 2006] 3. Varnham, K. 2006. Non-native species in UK Overseas Territories: a review. JNCC Report 372. Peterborough: United Kingdom.         Summary: This database compiles information on alien species from British Overseas Territories. Available from: http://www.jncc.gov.uk/page-3634 [Accessed 16 May 2006]          Results Page: 1