Typha latifolia (水生植物)

生態 分佈 管理 影響 參考資料 聯繫

管理資訊 物理方法：火燒和機械移除(砍筏)配合淹水控制是最合適的控制方法。Motivans和Apfelbaum(1987)提出，濕地排水方法可抑制其生長。如果濕地的水被排乾，夏季時可將其焚燒，冬季時沒有水香蒲將無法生存。但是有沒有實驗證明此方法是否可行。深的淹水也可能使侵擾減少。 可以使用機械或人工砍筏其莖部，再用水淹沒殘留的莖部，可以有效地控制花葉香蒲(Typha latifolia)。砍筏後用水淹沒至少7.5公分或三英寸，可得到最好的結果。香蒲不耐遮蔭，有人嘗試用黑色聚乙烯防水布遮蔽殺死它。聚乙烯布分解產生一些後續的麻煩問題。 人工清除最適合用在小樹苗。他們很容易在潮濕的土壤中拔出，必須小心地移除所有部位，否則根莖會重新建立族群(DPIWE, 2005)。 機械方法：使用機械去除根莖是困難的，因為他們的深度很深，體積很大，但它可以被用來減少植物量，以利後續的人工清除。機械和人工清除的優點是無須使用除草劑的水。應注意確保拔除的材料被帶離現場，並殺死(DPIWE, 2005)。 當水位低時，翻土使根莖曝露到霜凍的環境，是一個很好的方法(DPIWE, 2005)。 化學方法：香蒲開花時使用除草劑處理，會對它造成最大的壓力。但缺點是使用除草劑會留下大量的腐爛物，可能會導致水質惡化，無法使用(DPIEW, 2005)。塗抹和噴灑Roundup綜合溶液，並進行後續處理，已被認為是有效的。 使用除草劑如Dalpan後續重複噴灑再生植株，並確保莖部淹沒入水中，已被認為是成功的。欲了解更多詳情，請參閱Motivans and Apfelbaum, 1987。 更多的除草劑處理選擇請參閱化學控制(DPIWE, 2005)。              管理資源 /鏈接 1. Apfelbaum, S. I., Undated, Cattail (Typha spp.) Management, Applied Ecological Services, Brodhead, Wisconsin         摘要： This paper summarizes important aspects of the ecology of cattails pertinent to their control. The cattail family, represented worldwide by the genus Typha, is a perennial aquatic herb with cosmopolitan distribution in freshwater habitats. Available from: http://appliedeco.com/Projects/CattailManage.pdf [September 10 2005) 2. Champion, P. Clayton, J. and Rowe, D. 2002. Alien Invaders Lake Managers’ Handbook. Ministry for the Environment.         摘要： Available from: http://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/water/lm-alien-invaders-jun02.pdf [Accessed 3 February 2005] 3. Champion, P.D.; Clayton, J.S. 2000. Border control for potential aquatic weeds. Stage 1. Weed risk model. Science for Conservation 141. .         摘要： This report is the first stage in a three-stage development of a Border Control Programme for aquatic plants that have the potential to become ecological weeds in New Zealand. Available from: http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/sfc141.pdf [Accessed 13 June 2007] 4. Champion, P.D.; Clayton, J.S. 2001. Border control for potential aquatic weeds. Stage 2. Weed risk assessment. Science for Conservation 185. 30 p.         摘要： This report is the second stage in the development of a Border Control Programme for aquatic plants that have the potential to become ecological weeds in New Zealand. Importers and traders in aquatic plants were surveyed to identify the plant species known or likely to be present in New Zealand. The Aquatic Plant Weed Risk Assessment Model was used to help assess the level of risk posed by these species. The report presents evidence of the various entry pathways and considers the impact that new invasive aquatic weed species may have on vulnerable native aquatic species and communities. Available from: http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/SFC185.pdf [Accessed 13 June 2007] 5. Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment Tasmania (DPIWE) 2005, Weeds, Pests and Diseases. Cumbungi/ Bull rush (Typha spp.).         摘要： Available from: http://www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/WebPages/RPIO-5243PY?open [Accessed September 10 2005] 6. National Pest Plant Accord, 2001. Biosecurity New Zealand.         摘要： The National Pest Plant Accord is a cooperative agreement between regional councils and government departments with biosecurity responsibilities. Under the accord, regional councils will undertake surveillance to prevent the commercial sale and/or distribution of an agreed list of pest plants. Available from: http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests-diseases/plants/accord.htm [Accessed 11 August 2005]          結果頁： 1