issg Database: 管理与信息相关链接Vespula vulgaris

Vespula vulgaris (昆虫)

生态分布管理影响 参考数据 联系

         管理信息

预防措施：及早发现建立的族群是很重要的，它是最初隔离程序后的下一个防线。土地保育研究单位已经进行一般无脊椎动物监测技术研究，以了解生物安全监测的缺口。这些包括马氏网、迷你马氏网、窗网、黏网、陷网、紫外光网、平蚁网、蚂蚁饵诱器、斯珀黄蜂网、地瓶网、黄色平网与打网。以上，以马氏网、迷你马氏网、窗网、黏网、陷网、紫外光网、平蚁网、蚂蚁饵诱器、斯珀黄蜂网、地瓶网在捕捉黄蜂时较有效。请跟随这个的连结陷捕方法的描述：http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/biocons/invertebrates/id_surveillance.asp 。
在高风险环境下的无脊椎动物概括性的调查非常少，新无脊椎动物族群的信息来源，通常来自公众的观察 (Landcare Research 2007)。
有两个方法可以减少当地的黄蜂问题：找出并且破坏区域内所有的巢，或使用毒饵。在大区域的灌木林，使用人工摧毁巢，可能很困难而且是劳动密集的 (Toft and Harris 2004) 。毒饵的好处是，觅食的黄蜂会把毒药带回蜂巢，意谓着我们无须知道巢的位置，也不用接近它，蜂巢通常非常大也很难接近 (Landcare Research 2007)。
两个方法都只能减轻当季的问题，觅食的工蜂将再侵入原区域。原区域到下个季节，将几乎无疑地会被黄蜂蚁后再度侵入，蚁后飞行 30 公里寻找适当的筑巢地点。

1977 年几乎在夏威夷刚发现黄蜂时，各岛屿的移除与控制计划就开始启动了。毒药 bendiocarb 被用于尝试控制黄蜂与移除农业区以外的蜂巢。(它没被登记为农业使用) 张 (1988) 发现毒饵与化学毒物最有效组合是 0.5% microencapsulated diazinon 混和罐装的 Figaro 牌鲔鱼猫食物。用 Amidino-hydrazone 做相似的毒饵混合，也是有效的。毒饵分配器的颜色，也证明是重要的：毒饵分配器最佳的颜色是，半透明白色。
生物方法：生物控制已经被用于尝试控制大面积分布的黄蜂。关于生物控制更多的信息黄蜂请跟随这一个连结：http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/biocons/invertebrates/Wasps/biocontrol.asp 。

         管理资源 /链接

1. Beggs, J. R. 1999. The ecological impact and control of introduced wasps (Vespula spp) in Nothofagus forest. Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. 197 pp.
2. Beggs, J. R. and Harris, R. J. 2000. Can the wasp parasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum significantly reduce the density of Vespula wasps? New Zealand Journal of Zoology 27: 73-74.
3. Beggs, J. R. in press. Impact and control of introduced Vespula wasps in New Zealand. Proceedings of the 4th International Hymenoptera Conference. CSIRO.
4. Beggs, J. R., Alspach, P. A., Moller, H., Toft, R. J. and Tilley, J. A. V. 1992. Impacts of the parasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum on colonies of the common wasp (Vespula vulgaris). Proceedings 41st Annual Conference Entomological Society of New Zealand.
5. Beggs, J. R., Toft, R. J., Malham, J. P., Rees, J. S., Tilley, J. A. V., Moller, H. and Alspach, P. 1998. The difficulty of reducing introduced wasp (Vespula vulgaris) populations for conservation gains. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 22: 55-63.
6. Beggs, J.R. (2001). The ecological consequences of social wasps (Vespula spp.) invading an ecosystem that has an abundant carbohydrate resource. Biological Conservation 99: 17-28.
7. Beggs, J.R., Rees, J.S., Toft, R.J., Dennis, T.E. & Barlow, N.D. (2008). Evaluating the impact of a biological control parasitoid on invasive Vespula wasps in a natural forest ecosystem. Biological Control 44: 399–407.
        摘要：
8. Donovan, B. D. 1991. Life cycle of Sphecophaga vesparum (Curtis) (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae), a parasitoid of some vespid wasps. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 18: 181-192.
9. Donovan, B. J. 1989. Potential enemies of the introduced wasp parasitoid Sphecophaga vesparum (Hymneoptera:Ichneumonidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 16: 365-367.
10. Donovan, B. J. and Read, P. E. C. 1987. Attempted biological control of social wasps, Vespula spp., (Hymenoptera:Vespidae) with Sphecophaga vesparum (Curtis) (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 14: 329-335.
11. Donovan, B. J., Moller, H., Plunkett, G. M., Read, P. E. C. and Tilley, J. A. V. 1989. Release and recovery of the introduced wasp parasitoid, Sphecophaga vesparum vesparum (Curtis) (Hymenoptera:Ichneumonidae) in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 16: 121-125.
12. Glare, T. R., Harris, R. J. and Donovan, B. J. 1996. Aspergillus flavus as a pathogen of wasps, Vespula spp., in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 23: 339-344.
13. Harcourt, S. J., Harris, R. J., Rose, E. A. F., Glare, T. R. and Nelson, T. L. 1997. The potential of Beauveria bassiana for the control of common and German wasps (Vespula vulgaris L. and V. germanica F.) in New Zealand. Proceedings of 4th international workshop on microbial control of soil dwelling pests.
14. Harris, R J. and P.E.C. Read., 1999. Enhanced biological control of wasps. SCIENCE FOR CONSERVATION 115
        摘要： Available from: http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/Sfc115.pdf [Accessed 18 February 2008]
15. Harris, R. J and Rose, E. A. F. 1999. Factors influencing reproductive strategies of the vespid parasitoid Sphecocphaga vesparum vesparum (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 26: 89-96.
        摘要： Available from: http://www.rsnz.org/publish/nzjz/1999/10.php [Accessed 18 February 2008]
16. Harris, R. J. and Read, P. E. C. 1999. Enhanced biological control of wasps. Science for conservation 115: 39pp.
17. Harris, R. J., Harcourt, S. J., Glare, T. R., Rose, E. A. F. and Nelson, T. L. 2000. Susceptibility of Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to generalist entomopathogenic fungi and their potential for wasp control. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 75: 251-258.
18. Harris, R.J. & Etheridge, N.D. (2001). Comparison of baits containing fipronil and sulfluramid for the control of Vespula wasps. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 28: 39-48.
19. Landcare Research. 2007a. Home > Research > Biodoversity and Conservation > Invasive invertebrates > Identification & surveillance.
        摘要： Available from: from: http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/biocons/invertebrates/id_surveillance.asp [Accessed 11 April 2007]
20. Landcare Research. 2007d. Home > Research > Biodoversity and Conservation > Invasive invertebrates > Wasps > Wasp Control.
        摘要： Available from: http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/research/biocons/invertebrates/Wasps/wasp_control.asp [Accessed 10 April 2007]
21. Leathwick, D. M. 1997. Growth and development of queen colonies of Vespula germanica and V. vulgaris. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 24: 17-23.
        摘要： Available from: http://www.rsnz.org/publish/nzjz/1997/3.php [Accessed 18 February 2008]
22. Spurr, E.B., 1991. Reduction of wasp (Hymenoptera:Vespidae) populations by poison-baiting; experimental use of sodium monofluroacetate (1080) in canned sardine. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 18: 215-222.
23. Spurr, E.B., 1993. The effectiveness of sulfluramid in sardine bait for control of wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Proceedings New Zealand plant protection conference 46: 307-312.
        摘要： Available from: http://nzpps.org/journal/46/nzpp46_307.pdf [Accessed 18 February 2008]
24. Spurr, E.B., 1995. Protein bait preferences of wasps ( Vespula vulgaris and V. germanica) at Mt Thomas, Canterbury, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 22: 281-289.
        摘要： Available from: http://www.rsnz.org/publish/nzjz/1995/73.php [Accessed 18 February 2008]
25. Spurr, E.B., and Elliott, G. 1996. User trials with Finitron wasp bait. New Zealand beekeeper 3: 18-20.
26. Toft, R. J. and Rees, J. S. 1998. Reducing predation of orb-web spiders (Araneidae) by controlling common wasps (Vespula vulgaris) in a New Zealand beech forest. Ecological Entomology 23: 90-95.
27. Walker, K. 2007. English wasp (Vespula vulgaris) Pest and Diseases Image Library.
        摘要： PaDIL (Pests and Diseases Image Library) is a Commonwealth Government initiative, developed and built by Museum Victoria's Online Publishing Team, with support provided by DAFF (Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry) and PHA (Plant Health Australia), a non-profit public company. Project partners also include Museum Victoria, the Western Australian Department of Agriculture and the Queensland University of Technology.
The aim of the project is: 1) Production of high quality images showing primarily exotic targeted organisms of plant health concern to Australia. 2)Assist with plant health diagnostics in all areas, from initial to high level. 3) Capacity building for diagnostics in plant health, including linkage developments between training and research organisations. 4)Create and use educational tools for training undergraduates/postgraduates. 5) Engender public awareness about plant health concerns in Australia. PaDIL is available from : http://www.padil.gov.au/aboutOverview.aspx, this page is available from: http://www.padil.gov.au/viewPestDiagnosticImages.aspx?id=795 [Accessed 10 November 2007]
28. Weston, R. J., Woolhouse, A. D., Spurr, E. B., Harris, R. J. and Suckling, D. M. 1997. Spiroacetals and other venom constituents as potential wasp (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) attractants. Journal of Chemical Ecology 23: 553-568.
         结果页： 1

The Global Invasive Species Database is managed by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. It was developed as part of the global initiative on invasive species led by the Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP) and is supported through partnerships with the National Biological Information Infrastructure, Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research and the University of Auckland. Conditions of use.