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   Salvinia molesta (水生植物, 草本植物)  English  français   
生態 分佈 管理 影響 參考資料 聯繫


         管理資訊

    水生雜草大量增生的情況，通常表示流域和濕地內營養量增加。這可能意味著數種水生浮動雜草可能正在等待機會，替換掉速生槐葉蘋。因此移除速生槐葉蘋後必須在清除地點連續監測，以瞭解水生植被演替情形。整個生態系統需持續管理，減少營養水平，改善污水排水和污水處理，可能會降低漂浮植物的生物量，例如速生槐葉蘋(1998年霍華德和哈雷； Chikwenhere和Keswani 1997 Room and Fernando 1992;麥克法蘭等。2003)。

    管理此物種的詳細資訊，請參閱管理資訊 English  français   



         管理資源 /鏈接

    2. Bowcher, A. and Lee, T. 2003. Integrated Weed Management: Salvinia (fact sheet). CRC for Australian Weed Management.
            摘要： Integrating management options into a viable management plan in Kakadu National Park.
    5. Champion, P.D.; Clayton, J.S. 2001. Border control for potential aquatic weeds. Stage 2. Weed risk assessment. Science for Conservation 185. 30 p.
            摘要： This report is the second stage in the development of a Border Control Programme for aquatic plants that have the potential to become ecological weeds in New Zealand. Importers and traders in aquatic plants were surveyed to identify the plant species known or likely to be present in New Zealand. The Aquatic Plant Weed Risk Assessment Model was used to help assess the level of risk posed by these species. The report presents evidence of the various entry pathways and considers the impact that new invasive aquatic weed species may have on vulnerable native aquatic species and communities.
    Available from: http://www.doc.govt.nz/upload/documents/science-and-technical/SFC185.pdf [Accessed 13 June 2007]
    6. Chikwenhere, G.P. and Keswani, C.L. 1997. Economics of Biological Control of Kariba Weed (Salvinia molesta Mitchell) at Tengwe in North-western Zimbabwe - a Case Study, International Journal of Pest Management 43(2): 109 - 112.
            摘要： A summary on the use of Cyrtobagous salviniae as a biological control agent in heavily infested lake in Zimbabwe previously used for breeding fish (with an emphasis on cost:benefit analysis).
    8. Dye, J.M. and Heinz, K.M. Undated Biological control of Salvinia species. A&M University (Department of Entomology): Texas.
            摘要： Salvinia Biocontrol poster
    9. Howard, G.W. and Harley, K.L.S. 1998. How do Floating Aquatic Weeds Affect Wetland Conservation and Development? How can These Effects be Minimised?, Wetlands Ecology and Management 5: 215 - 225.
    10. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). 2002. Note on the Control of Salvinia Molesta in Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary (Senegal).
            摘要： Outline of the proceedings of the IUCN and associated organisations that initiated a biological control project (using Cyrtobagous salviniae) to manage salvinia in the Senegal River Delta area.
    11. IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4.
            摘要： The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species provides taxonomic, conservation status and distribution information on taxa that have been globally evaluated using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. This system is designed to determine the relative risk of extinction, and the main purpose of the IUCN Red List is to catalogue and highlight those taxa that are facing a higher risk of global extinction (i.e. those listed as Critically Endangered, Endangered and Vulnerable). The IUCN Red List also includes information on taxa that are categorized as Extinct or Extinct in the Wild; on taxa that cannot be evaluated because of insufficient information (i.e. are Data Deficient); and on taxa that are either close to meeting the threatened thresholds or that would be threatened were it not for an ongoing taxon-specific conservation programme (i.e. are Near Threatened).
    Available from: http://www.iucnredlist.org/ [Accessed 25 May 2011]
    16. Lancer, L., Krake, K., Brabben, T., Plantey, J. and Malano, H. 2002. Aquatic Weeds and Their Management. Working Group on Development and Management of Irrigation Systems (WG-DMIS): International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage.
    17. Land Protection. 2004. Salvinia: Salvinia Species, (facts pest series). The State of Queensland Department of Natural Resources and Mines.
    20. National Pest Plant Accord, 2001. Biosecurity New Zealand.
            摘要： The National Pest Plant Accord is a cooperative agreement between regional councils and government departments with biosecurity responsibilities. Under the accord, regional councils will undertake surveillance to prevent the commercial sale and/or distribution of an agreed list of pest plants.
    Available from: http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests-diseases/plants/accord.htm [Accessed 11 August 2005]
    21. NRM Facts Pest Series. Salvinia sp. Land Protection. Department of Natural Resources and Mines, Qld.
    23. Pieterse, A.H., Kettunen, M., Diouf, S., Ndao, I., Sarr, K., Tarvainen, A., Kloff, S. and Hellsten, S. 2003. Effective biological control of Salvinia molesta in the Senegal River by Means of the Weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae, Ambio 32 (7): 458 - 462.
    24. Rice, Barry. 2002. Salvinia molesta Wildland Invasive Species Team [Online Database].
    25. Room, P.M. and Fernando, I.V.S. 1992. Weed Invasions Countered by Biological Control: Salvinia molesta and Eichhornia crassipes in Sri Lanka, Aquatic Botany 42: 99 - 107.
            摘要： This paper gives an excellent outline of the biological control of S. molesta in Sri Lanka between 1982 and 1990, including a history of the weed in the country, an overview of the release and distribution of the weevil (Cyrtobagous salviniae) and an summary of the results and most interesting findings. Also mentions the performance of Neochetina eichhorniae as a biological control agent for water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes).
    26. Room, P.M., 1990, Ecology & Evolution, 5:77. Doeleman, J.A., ‘Biological Control of Salvinia molesta in Sri Lanka; an assessment of costs and benefits’, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Technical Report 12.
            摘要： Management information on Salvinia molesta.
    28. Swaziland's Alien Plants Database., Undated. Salvinia molesta
            摘要： A database of Swaziland's alien plant species.
    30. USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) APHIS Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. 2003. In May, M., Grosso, C. and Collins, J. (eds). Practical Guidebook for the Identification and Control of Invasive Aquatic and Wetland Plants in the San Francisco Bay-Delta. San Francisco Estuary Institute: Oakland (California).
    31. Van Wilgen, B.W., Richardson, D.M., Le Maitre, D.C., Marais, C. and Magadlela, D. 2001. The Economic Consequences of Alien Plant Invasions: Examples of Impacts and Approaches to Sustainable Management in South Africa, Environment, Development and Sustainability 3: 145 - 168.
            摘要： Overview of the consequences of invasive weed species introduced into South Africa.

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