管理信息
预防措施：在澳洲的昆士兰省，管理实务目标锁定将传布的风险减到最少，由于农夫栽培银合欢，使得入侵状况正在提升。2004 年十一月的政策指示 "为减少杂草风险，需要提出设计与管理灌木豆类、银合欢的在种植的建议"。此政策已经由负责自然资源管理是政府机关发展完成。(NRM, 2005)一个针对夏威夷与其它太平洋岛屿的银合欢的风险评估，由Kaulunani 都市森林计划与美国森林服务部赞助，Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany)执行。外来植物检查系统衍生自 Phelounget al。(1999) 经过小幅修正使用在太平洋岛屿.(Daehler et al.2004) 结果是 15 分，建议如下：可能在夏威夷与其它太平洋岛屿上引起重要的生态或者经济的伤害，WRA 分数很高，以夏威夷和其它世界各地公开的生物学描述信息为依据 。使用澳洲风险评估系统评估，执行者是太平洋岛屿濒危生态系统[PIER] ，针对银合欢(Leucaena leucocephala) 。(Pheloung, 1995) 结果是 11 分，建议如下：拒绝此植物进口(澳洲)或者此植物可能是高风险的(太平洋) 。 生物方法：豆象小甲虫，一种吃种子的昆虫 Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus已经被故意地引入释放在南非，作为一个生物控制剂，此昆虫也已经偶然地被引进澳洲。木虱食叶昆虫 Heteropsylla cubana在1980年代中期，意外地传布，能引起周期性落叶，但是不会杀死树，而且木虱食叶昆虫似乎已经被一些当地的掠夺者与寄生虫控制住。 综合管理：一旦建立族群， Leucaena难以根除。它在切断之后旺盛地重新萌芽。削减残枝需要以柴油或其它化学药品处理。此外，土壤种子库在种子散布之后能保持活力至少 10-20 年。   
地点特有的管理信息Cayman Brac
Prevention of spread of to Leucaena leucocephala Little Cayman is critical (Burton, 2003 in Varnham, 2006). Floreana Is.
Eradication management plans have been prepared for the first three islands. Trials in Galapagos have shown that the species is possible to kill with picloram and metsulfuron-methyl at 5-10%. It is estimated that this species could be eradicated from Floreana Island in ten years, at a cost of 62,000 USD (Rachel Atkinson., pers.comm., July 2008).Rentería et al. (2007) documents costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species including Leucaena leucocephala in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project ECU/00/G31 'Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago'.
The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection.
Please follow this link Rentería et al. 2006 to an illustrated guide providing practical information for the effective control of the worst invasive plant species in Galapagos. Designed for farmers and other land managers, it describes manual and chemical control methods. Leucaena leucocephala is among 23 introduced species with descriptions and control options listed. Galapagos Islands
Eradication management plans have been prepared for the first three islands. The species is already too widespread in San Cristóbal (especially the coastal village of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno) to consider the possibility of eradication there. Trials in Galapagos have shown that the species is possible to kill with picloram and metsulfuron-methyl at 5-10%. (Rachel Atkinson., pers.comm., July 2008)Rentería et al. (2007) documents costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species including Leucaena leucocephala in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project ECU/00/G31 'Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago'.
The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection.
Please follow this link Rentería et al. 2006 to An illustrated guide providing practical information for the effective control of the worst invasive plant species in Galapagos. Designed for farmers and other land managers, it describes manual and chemical control methods. Leucaena leucocephala is among 23 introduced species with descriptions and control options listed. Grand Cayman
Prevention of spread of to Leucaena leucocephala Little Cayman is critical (Burton, 2003 in Varnham, 2006). Isabela Is. (Ecuador)
Eradication management plans have been prepared for the first three islands. Trials in Galapagos have shown that the species is possible to kill with picloram and metsulfuron-methyl at 5-10%. It is estimated that this species could be eradicated from Isabela Island in ten years, at a cost of 30,500 USD.
(Rachel Atkinson., pers.comm., July 2008) Rentería et al. (2007) documents costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species including Leucaena leucocephala in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project ECU/00/G31 'Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago'.
The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection.
Please follow this link Rentería et al. 2006 to an illustrated guide providing practical information for the effective control of the worst invasive plant species in Galapagos. Designed for farmers and other land managers, it describes manual and chemical control methods. Leucaena leucocephala is among 23 introduced species with descriptions and control options listed. San Cristobal Is. (Ecuador)
Eradication management plans have been prepared for the first three islands. The species is already too widespread in San Cristóbal (especially the coastal village of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno) to consider the possibility of eradication there. Trials in Galapagos have shown that the species is possible to kill with picloram and metsulfuron-methyl at 5-10%.
(Rachel Atkinson., pers.comm., July 2008) Rentería et al. (2007) documents costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species including Leucaena leucocephala in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project ECU/00/G31 'Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago'.
The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection.
Please follow this link Rentería et al. 2006 to an illustrated guide providing practical information for the effective control of the worst invasive plant species in Galapagos. Designed for farmers and other land managers, it describes manual and chemical control methods. Leucaena leucocephala is among 23 introduced species with descriptions and control options listed. Santa Cruz (Argentina)
L. leucocephala is one of the target species of an eradication programme on Santa Cruz Island. Santa Cruz Is. (Ecuador)
Eradication management plans have been prepared for the first three islands. Trials in Galapagos have shown that the species is possible to kill with picloram and metsulfuron-methyl at 5-10%. It is estimated that eradication on Sanata Cruz may be possible in 10-15 years at a cost of 130,000 USD.
(Rachel Atkinson., pers.comm., July 2008) Rentería et al. (2007) documents costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species including Leucaena leucocephala in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project ECU/00/G31 'Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago'.
The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection.
Please follow this link Rentería et al. 2006 to an illustrated guide providing practical information for the effective control of the worst invasive plant species in Galapagos. Designed for farmers and other land managers, it describes manual and chemical control methods. Leucaena leucocephala is among 23 introduced species with descriptions and control options listed.
管理资源 /链接
1. Daehler, C.C; Denslow, J.S; Ansari, S and Huang-Chi, K., 2004. A Risk-Assessment System for Screening Out Invasive Pest Plants from Hawaii and Other Pacific Islands. Conservation Biology Volume 18 Issue 2 Page 360.
摘要： A study on the use of a screening system to assess proposed plant introductions to Hawaii or other Pacific Islands and to identify high-risk species used in horticulture and forestry which would greatly reduce future pest-plant problems and allow entry of most nonpests. 2. Hughes, C. E. 1998. Leucaena. A Genetic Resources Handbook. Tropical Forestry Papers 37. Oxford Forestry Institute, Oxford. 274pp. 3. Hughes, C. E. and Jones, R. J. 1999. Environmental hazards of Leucaena. In Shelton, H. M., Gutteridge, R. C., Mullen, B. F. and Bray, R. A. (eds.). Leucaena - Adaptation, Quality and Farming Systems, Proceedings of a Workshop, Hanoi, Vietnam, Feb. 1998. ACIAR. 4. IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG)., 2010. A Compilation of Information Sources for Conservation Managers.
摘要： This compilation of information sources can be sorted on keywords for example: Baits & Lures, Non Target Species, Eradication, Monitoring, Risk Assessment, Weeds, Herbicides etc. This compilation is at present in Excel format, this will be web-enabled as a searchable database shortly. This version of the database has been developed by the IUCN SSC ISSG as part of an Overseas Territories Environmental Programme funded project XOT603 in partnership with the Cayman Islands Government - Department of Environment. The compilation is a work under progress, the ISSG will manage, maintain and enhance the database with current and newly published information, reports, journal articles etc. 5. Jones, R. J. and Jones, R. M. 1996. Thickening up of Leucaena stands in Australia - a caution. LEUCNET News 3: 19-20. 6. Kueffer, C. and Mauremootoo, J., 2004. Case Studies on the Status of Invasive Woody Plant Species in the Western Indian Ocean. 3. Mauritius (Islands of Mauritius and Rodrigues). Forest Health & Biosecurity Working Papers FBS/4-3E. Forestry Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. 7. Natural Resources and Mines (NRM) Environmental Protection Agency Department of Primary Industries Queensland Government, November 2004. Policy to Reduce the Weed Threat of Leucaena. 8. Neser, S. 1994. Conflicts of interest? The Leucaena controversy. Plant Protection News South Africa 6: 8. 9. Neser, S. 1996. Acanthoscelides of Leucaena in South Africa. LEUCNET News 3: 16-18. 12. Rentería, Jorge Luis; Rachel Atkinson & Chris Buddenhagen., 2007. Estrategias para la erradicación de 21 especies de plantas. Fundación Charles Darwin, Departamento de Botánica. Programa de Especies Invasoras en Galápagos
potencialmente invasoras en Galápagos.
摘要： This document comprises costed eradication plans for 21 invasive species in Galapagos. The plans were developed as part of a GEF funded project
ECU/00/G31 ¨Control of Invasive species in the Galapagos Archipelago¨. The management plans report projects at different stages of development and for species that have invaded to different extents. Three of the projects have already been finished successfully, 5 have yet to be started, and for the rest the projects have been running for between 1 and 6 years. The cost and time needed for eradication varies considerably by species and demonstrates the importance of species eradication as soon as possible after detection
Resumen
El presente documento proporciona planes de manejo y el costo para la erradicación de 21 especies que se encuentran presentes en Galápagos. Los planes fueron desarrollados como parte del proyecto ECU/00/G31 "Control de las especies invasoras en el Archipiélago de las Galápagos", suscrito por el Gobierno Ecuatoriano, representado por el Ministerio del Ambiente, con el Fondo para el Medio Ambiente Mundial (GEF). El Proyecto es implementado por el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo (UNDP), tiene como instituciones ejecutoras al Servicio Parque Nacional Galápagos (SPNG), Instituto Nacional Galápagos (INGALA), Servicio Ecuatoriano de Sanidad Agropecuaria-Galápagos (SESA-Galápagos), y Fundación Charles Darwin (FCD). Los planes de manejo representan proyectos en diferentes estados de desarrollo y dimensión. Tres de estos proyectos ya han sido desarrollados completamente, trece están en proceso y cinco aún no se han iniciado. El costo y tiempo para la erradicación varia considerablemente según la especie y se muestra la importancia económica que implica desarrollar proyectos de erradicación tan pronto las especies son detectadas. 14. Sheil, D. 1994. Naturalized and invasive plant species in the evergreen forests of the East Usumbara Mountains, Tanzania. African Journal of Ecology 32: 66-71. 15. Smith, C. W. 1985. Impact of alien plants on Hawaii's native biota. In Stone C. P. and Scott J. M. (eds.) Hawai'i's Terrestrial Ecosystems: Preservation and Management. University of Hawaii: 60-69. 17. Swaziland's Alien Plants Database., Undated. Leucaena leucocephala
摘要： A database of Swaziland's alien plant species. 19. Walton, Craig, 2003. Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) in Queensland. Pest Status Review Series. Department of Natural Resources and Mines, Queensland. 20. Wilson, Colin, Wildlife Management Officer, Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Environment, Parks & Wildlife Service, Northern Territory, Australia.
摘要： Compilor of original GISD profile of Chromoleana odorata. 结果页： 1
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