Interim profile, incomplete information
Management Information
Physical: Cyperus rotundus is suppressed under closed canopies. It may be controlled by plastic mulch or competitive crops. Hand-weeding, chipping and cultivation is effective in dry soils. Grazing by poultry and pigs may provide control (Swarbrick 1997, in PIER 1999). Pigs were seen as part of a cultural control system. For example at least as early as 1968 pigs were suggested as a form of control by John L. Hammerton, who was working in Panama. The use of chickens and geese to control nutgrass has also been promoted in Palau and the United States (PestNet 2009). Chemical: C. rotundus is susceptible to fumigants (including methyl bromide, DD and chloropicrin), residual herbicides (including bromacil, EPTC, hexazinone, terbacil, pebulate and vernolat) and translocated herbicides (including glyphosate, amitrole, DSMA, MSMA and 2,4-D); control is often disappointing (Swarbrick 1997, in PIER 1999). CSIRO reported that, in cotton, glyphosate (Roundup) is applied early in the season (Sept/Oct) with shielded hand sprayers so as to avoid drift. Next, nutgrass from the plant line is weeded by hand after rain (not a popular method). Once the cotton has grown, glyphosate is applied regularly with a large shielded sprayer behind a tractor. Problems arise when the weather turns wet and glyphosate cannot be applied in time and nutgrass outcompetes the cotton (Nov/Dec). There is now a field management plan, including chemicals like Sempra (halosulfuron-methyl) and Zoliar (norflurazon) (PestNet 2009).
Field studies conducted between 1993 and 1995 were designed to evaluate the use of MON-12051 (a sulfonylurea compound) to control nutsedge in turfgrass environements. MON-12051 outperformed both bentazon and imazaquin in controlling yellow and purple nutsedges without damaging desired turf species. Six weeks post-treatment purple nutsedge control averaged 96% (in comparison control with imazaqiun resulted in only 42%).
Location Specific Management InformationArkansas (United States (USA))
Cyperus rotundus is listed as a 'Noxious weed' in Arkansas (USDA-NRCS, 2008). California (United States (USA))
Cyperus rotundus is listed as a 'B list (noxious weed)' in California (USDA-NRCS, 2008). Oregon (United States (USA))
Cyperus rotundus is listed as a '"A" designated weed and Quarantine weed' in Oregon (USDA-NRCS, 2008). Palau
The use of chickens and geese to control nutgrass Cyperus rotundus has also been promoted in Palau and the United States (PestNet 2009). Washington (United States (USA))
Cyperus rotundus is listed as a 'Quarantine weed' in Oregon (USDA-NRCS, 2008).
Management Resources/Links
1. Czarnota, Mark A. and S. Wayne Bingham. 1997. Control of yellow and purple nutsedges (Cyperus esculentus and Cyperus rotundus) in turfgrass with MON-12051, Weed Technology 11 (3): 460 - 465.
Summary: Abstract: Field studies were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to evaluate MON-12051 for turfgrass tolerance and control of yellow and purple nutsedges. The availability of herbicides for selective control of these weeds in turfgrass is limited. A sulfonylurea compound, MON-12051, has recently been developed for selective control of the nutsedges in turfgrass. When MON-12051 was applied at 0.07 to 0.14 kg ai/ha, the injury to Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass, and zoysiagrass was slight, with a maximum of 10% injury. At these rates, MON-12051 outperformed both bentazon and imazaquin in controlling yellow and purple nutsedges. Averaged over all tests 6 wk after treatment, yellow nutsedge control with MON-12051 was 83%. Control averaged 44% during the same period when treated with bentazon, whether applied once at 2.24 kg ai/ha or twice at 1.12 kg ai/ha. Purple nutsedge control averaged 96% when treated with MON-12051 in Kentucky bluegrass, while control was 42% with imazaquin applied at 0.19 and 0.43 kg ai/ha. Results Page: 1
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