管理信息
预防措施：预防可能是最容易，最便宜，最有效的控制方法。应考虑严格管制人员，材料，或开发进入野地和公共土地(ANHP, 2006)。例如应考虑限制牲畜进入自然保护区(Tyser & 沃利, 1992)。必须监测了解入侵族群所在地及丰度。在入侵族群大幅生长之前的小侵扰是比较容易控制的(Curran & Lingenfelter, 2001)。区域性的教育，宣传，广告和社群宣传，都是非常好的方式，可结合小区力量，早期发现(Mullin 等人, 2000)。必须进行研究，以开发新的控制方法和技术，和更了解此生物(Mullin 等人, 2000)。物理方法：大多数单独的物理控制方法，都不理想，不建议用于大中型植群(Kadrmas & Johnson)。刈割可以防止植物结实，但也会刺激侧根和根茎无性繁殖，使问题更恶化(Kadrmas & Johnson)。火烧是无效的，因为不会损坏地下根茎系统，只会使它重新发芽(Kadrmas & Johnson)。翻土可有效移除柳穿鱼草，但必须每7~10天翻土次，重复数年才能消除再萌芽的碎根(奥格登 & 伦茨, 2005)。也不建议放牧牲畜，因为它会刺激无性生长，有活力的种子也可以穿过消化道(奥格登 & 伦茨, 2005)。过度放牧会使栖地竞争力下降，增加干扰，替柳穿鱼草创造一个理想的环境(Kadrmas & Johnson)。牲畜不喜欢此植物，此植物包含对牲畜有毒的中等毒性物质(ANHP, 2006)。 文化教育：一些控制柳穿鱼草的文化教育方法是，农作物播种应选择适当时机，交替播种，施肥，使用质量高的种子，高密度种植与使用适合该地区的品种(Curran & Lingenfelter, 2001)。另一种选择是，重新种植较具竞争力的原生多年生草本植物(Curran & Lingenfelter, 2001)。 化学方法：已被证明可有效控制<柳穿鱼草的化学品包括glyphosates，一种非选择性除草剂， Telar和毒莠定和两种选择性除草剂。可能需要每隔数年定期重复处理，时间长达 12年。处理时间应在植物最脆弱的开花期或在严重的霜冻后(奥格登 & 伦茨, 2005)。化学方法处理后不久，再播种较具竞争力的物种，这种综合管理方法可以有效预防重新出现(贝克, 2006)。任何化学品必须始终按照卷标指示使用，并应确保使用的化学品不会杀死原生物种或降低原生物种的竞争力(Kadrmas & Johnson)。  
管理资源 /链接
3. California Department of Food and Agriculture, undated, Noxious Weed Index, Linaria vulgaris, [online database], 1220 N Street Sacramento, CA, 95814.
摘要： Very detailed article on the CDFA database describing biology, habitat, cycles, and similar species.
Available from: http://www.cdfa.ca.gov/phpps/ipc/weedinfo/linaria.htm [Accessed on 2 March, 2007]. 4. Curran, W.S., & Lingenfelter, D.D., 2001, Weed Management in Pasture Systems, Agronomy Facts 62, College of Agricultural Sciences, Agricultural Research and Cooperative Extension, Univeristy of Pennsylvannia.
摘要： A fact sheet underlying general principles of management of pasture systems and techniques for control in those systems. Not much specific biology information on L. vulgaris, but comprehensive on principles of management for weed species in general based on habit and growth characteristics. 5. Holdorf, R.H., undated, Biological Control of Yellow toadflax (Linaria vulgaris (L.) (Scrophuliaraceae)): Oppurtunities and Constraints Affecting the Reclamation of Rangelands in the Western United States, Restoration and Reclamation Review, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, (USA).
摘要： An excellent article on potential biological control options for L. vulgaris as well as some general biology, introduction, distribution, and habitat. It refutes the effectiveness of other management options like grazing, fire, and herbicide. 7. Markin, G.P., undated, Weeds of National Forest Lands of the Northern Rockies, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, MSU, Bozeman, Montana, 59717
摘要： A survey article detailing the abundance of noxious weeds in the Northern Rockies. A brief description on the status of common toadflax along with a detailed map showing its distribution and abundance in the region. A few generalized weed management strategies and troubleshooting are discussed near the end of the article. 8. Mullin, B.H., Anderson, L.W.J, DiTomaso, J.M., Eplee, R.E., & Getsinger, K.D., Feb. 2000, Invasive Plant Species, Council for Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Issue Paper no. 13, pp. 1-18.
摘要： This paper was used for general management strategies against invasive weed species. There was no focus on Linaria vulgaris for management options, but the paper addressed preventive, regulatory, legislative, and educational approaches to weed management. 10. Tyser, R.W., & Worley, C.A., Jun. 1992, Alien Flora in Grasslands Adjacent to Road and Trail Corridors in Glacier National Park, Montana (U.S.A.), Conservation Biology, Vol. 6, no. 2, pp.253-262.
摘要： This journal article described various means of introduction of a variety of weed species in Glacier National Park. It also investigated how these weed species were being further propagated and dispersed into the park through traveled corridors and construction. Interesting management suggestions more in the form of prevention of further introductions and spread. 结果页： 1
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