Impact global
Étude de cas sur les impactsQueensland (Australia) Nuisance pour les personnes: Several residents in the infested area were stung by ants whilst swimming in their swimming pools. Dogs and cats have been stung by the ants. People working in their gardens have also been stung by the ants. Brazil Compétition: High populations of W. auropunctata have been related to marked reductions of other ant species in agricultural lands such as cocoa farms in Brazil (Delabie 1988, Majer et al 1994, in Armbrecht and Ulloa-Chacón 2003). Cauca River Valley (Colombia) Compétition: W. auropunctata is widely distributed throughout South America and is able to displace the local myrmecofauna. The positive relation between W. auropunctata abundance and ant-plant associations in understory vegetation reinforces the belief that W. auropunctata is highly able to exploit and monopolise resources such as extrafloral nectar, refuges within vegetation, and honeydew residues from Homopteran insects, and prevent other ant species from utilising these resources successfully (Armbrecht and Ulloa-Chacón 2003). Économique/Subsistance: Colonises disturbed and agricultural areas, sometimes becoming an economic problem (Fowler et al. 1990, in Armbrecht and Ulloa-Chacón 2003). Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) Interaction avec d'autres espèces envahissantes: "Wasmannia auropunctata is often associated with another serious pest: the cottonycushion scale- Icerya purchasi, and has been observed transportingimmature stages and tending colonies" (Wetterer & Porter, 2003). Réduction de la biodiversité indigène: The little fire ant is probably the most aggressive species that has been introduced into the Galapagos Archipelago. Marked reductions in scorpions, spiders, and native ant populations in areas infested with the little fire ant have been observed. Many other arthropods are probably also affected, but this has not been measured (Roque-Albelo and Causton 1999). French Polynesia Nuisance pour les personnes: Images and text by Eric Loeve available at Fenua Animalia document the enormous impact of this invasive ant on people's lives. This is a sign of things to come as the Wasmannia auropunctata infestations become more and more established and as the scale and numbers build. Réduction de la biodiversité indigène: A progressive blindness syndrome known as as “Florida spots”, “Florida keratitis/keratopathy” or “tropical keratopathy” (Roze et al, 2004; Moore, 2005) has been documented in mammals and other animals that live in the proximity of colonies of the little fire ant. No scienific study had been conducted to prove that the little fire ants were responsible for this. Scientists from Fenua animalia conducting mapping of a little fire ant colony in the Mahina commune’s highs (Tahiti), discovered that ant colony areas were also sheltering endemic hearths of "Florida keratopathy". 24 cases of keratopathy and 12 control cases were studied within the mega-colony settled. Results of an analysis showed that the affected animals were those living in contact with the ants. Apart from this predisposing factor, the scientists did not find any other characteristic facilitating this outbreak (age, sex, viral status regarding Feline leukosis). The study highlights the symptoms of acute attack such as blepharospasm and whimpering; and the topography of injuries shows that the median area of the eye is the most affected. Though the pathopysiologic model is not already understood, the authors of the study, believe as many authors previously cited that the most probable etiologic agent of this pathology is the littel fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata (Dr. Leonard Theron Assistant - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Liege- Production Animals Clinical Department pers.comm., September 2009). Gabon Autre: "Wetterer et al. (1999) found anecdotal evidence of an impact onvertebrates in Gabon. House cats (Felis catus) at Lopé often have W.auropunctata in their fur, and several cats developed corneal cloudingand blindness. William Karesh, field veterinarian for Wildlife Conserva-tion Society, found the cats' symptoms consistent with trauma, not communicable disease. More disturbingly, elephants (Loxodonta africana) with cloudy corneas arecommon in Lopé and Petit Loango, as well as Wonga Wongué Reserveon the central coast of Gabon (100 km south of Libreville). The possibleconnection between W. auropunctata and eye maladies deserves furtherstudy." Réduction de la biodiversité indigène: W. auropunctata has a negative impact on the native ant community in Gabon. Nine sites In Lope National Park were surveyed. A highly significant correlation between ant diversity and length of infestation by W. auropunctata was found. Many more native ant species were present in areas not infested with W. auropunctata (39.0 ± 4.6) compared with areas infested by W. auropunctata for approximately 5–10 yr (7.0 ± 6.2 and 1.7 ± 1.2, respectively). In infested areas, W. auropunctata made up the bulk of specimens collected in every plot (Walker, 2006). New Caledonia (Nouvelle Calédonie) Nuisance pour les personnes: Causes painful stings. Réduction de la biodiversité indigène: W. auropunctata have a negative impact on endemic ants, native arachnids, beetles, and reptiles (Wetterer & Porter, 2003 and references therein). Wewak (Papua New Guinea) Nuisance pour les personnes: The ants over-run gardens and homes in residents' houses and sting people, especially children. Control of insect pests within houses is expensive and many families may be forced to live with the ant. Guadalcanal (Solomon Islands) Autre: Locals on Guadalcanal have reported that their dogs (Canis domesticus) were all gradually blinded by the ants' venom andrarely lived more than five years (Wetterer 1997 in Wetterer & Porter, 2003). Nuisance pour les personnes: Causes painful stings. Hawaii (United States (USA)) Économique/Subsistance: Many important economic crops in Hawaii are harvested by hand. W. auropunctata is small, cryptic, and has a painful sting. In some cases, agricultural workers refuse to harvest from infested trees or orchards, which is a critical issue for farms that rely on hand harvesting. W. auropunctata is also of quarantine concern, because the presence of ants on exported fruits and vegetables from Hawaii can cause rejection and return shipment to Hawaii (Costa et al., 2005; Follett & Taniguchi 2007 in Souza et al., 2006) Nuisance pour les personnes: Cause painful stings. Vanuatu Économique/Subsistance: It deters people from tending their crops, reducing productivity and imposing economic hardship on them. Nuisance pour les personnes: It stings people and animals including chickens and can cause allergic reactions in people Vanua Lava Is. (Vanuatu) Réduction de la biodiversité indigène: A striking lack of butterflies has been noted on the island of Vanua Lava. This is compared to Mota Lava, which is free of W. Auropunctata and has abundant butterflies (J. Tennant, pers. comm. in Wetterer & Porter, 2003).
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