一般影響
澳洲北部的河川沖積平原和沼澤森林，飽受 刺軸含羞草(Mimosa pigra)的茂密灌木叢威脅。此雜草支持較少的鳥類和蜥蜴，減少草本植物。也減少樹苗。它妨礙原生動物在原本資源豐富的濕地上傳統的食物採集。
M. pigra有可能會損害大量、多種類的各種類型的初級生產。如果大量出現在農地上，含羞草可能危及畜牧產業，減少該地區的牧草和土地承載能力。此外，如果牲畜依賴於自然水源，以供飲用，其接近水源的路徑可能會被阻礙。其結果是，肉類生產和收入可能會減少。(Praneetvatakul 2001).
M. pigra可能會減少水流，增加泥沙含量，因為它通常長在水流邊緣。這可能威脅到水庫和運河的持續性以及任何依賴水庫和運河的生計。例如，雜草會阻斷灌溉入口，對泰國水稻種植產生了不利影響。(以及造成老鼠和螃蟹大增，損害作物)(Praneetvatakul 2001)。
M. pigra可能會干擾其他經濟重要植物的種植。例如， M. pigra能夠在未成熟的油棕櫚園與棕櫚樹幼株競爭。這可能會導致棕櫚油產量減少(Praneetvatakul 2001)。
由於沿著路傍生長，含羞草還可能會增加電線桿電纜線的維持費用。它還會減少司機的能見度，增加可能的交通意外(Praneetvatakul 2001)。
地點特有的影響：Australia 
威脅瀕危物種: The yellow chat (Alligator Rivers subspecies) (see Epthianura crocea tunneyi) listed as “endangered” is restricted to a small geographic area in northern Australia that encompasses the floodplains from the Mary River to the East Alligator River. It is probable that the yellow chat is being negatively affected by the expansion of exotic weeds in the floodplain habitats (notably by M. pigra, para grass (Brachiaria mutica) and gamba grass (Andropogon gayanus) in addition to habitat change. (Parks and Wildlife Commission UndatedA).
The bare-rumped sheathtail bat (see Saccoilamus saccoilamus) is listed as “critically endangered”. Little is known about the distribution of the species but vegetation change associated with invasion by exotic species (such as M. pigra) is though to be one of the factors reducing habitat suitability for this species (Parks and Wildlife Commission UndatedB).
The magpie goose is known to be threatened by the spread of M. pigra. It lives in shallow lowland grasslands and swamps and feeds on seeds, tubers and grass species. It is restricted to northern Australia and its breeding habitat is being invaded by para grass (Brachiaria mutica), M. pigra and introduced ponded pasture plants (such as Hymenachne amplexicaulis). These species are replacing its natural principal food sources (Garnett and Crowley 2000).
Also, the Arnhem Sheathtail Bat (Taphozous kapalgensis) (considered to be a “near threatened” species by the Northern Territory) is losing suitable habitat due to the vegetation change associated with the invasion of exotic species such as M. pigra (Parks and Wildlife Commission UndatedC).
棲地改變: Mimosa has transformed grasslands and sedgelands to monospecific or near-monospecific tall shrublands and has invaded billabongs and swamplands of Melaleuca spp. (Lonsdale et al. 1995, in Frono Fichera and Prior 1999).
降低本地生物多樣性: In general, mimosa thickets support fewer birds and lizards, less herbaceous vegetation, and fewer tree seedlings than native vegetation (Braithwaite et al. 1989, in Walden et al. 1999). Northern Territory (Australia)
棲地改變: The yellow-billed Egret (Mesophoyx intermedia) is listed as Least Concern (LC) in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Its habitat in the Northern Territory of Australia is under threat due to burning, grazing and the spread of invasive alien plants Mimosa pigra and Salvinia molesta. The introduced feral buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is also a threat causing breakes in the levees leading to salt intrusion and accumulation of salt settlement (BirdLife International 2009).
經濟 /民生: In northern Australia, as early as 1981, the economic effects of dense mimosa infestations started to affect the tourist industry (due to decreased access to wetlands) (Miller et al. 1981, in Walden et al. 1999). Papua New Guinea
威脅瀕危物種: Mimosa pigra could out-compete virtually all other plant species in wetland areas and could make infested areas inaccessible to animals and people. In the Oro Province M. pigra could displace the world’s largest butterfly Queen Alexandra's Birdwing (see Ornithoptera alexandrae in IUCN Red List of Threatened species), already threatened by extinction due to habitat destruction. M. pigra could also threaten the biodiversity of the Sepik River, which is home to many endemic species including the Sepik blue orchid (Dendrobium lasianthera).
競爭
經濟 /民生: Mimosa pigra especially threatens the wetlands of the Sepik and Ramu river basins. The successful invasion of M. pigra into these basins would endanger thousands of livelihoods that depend on fishing.
農業 Thailand
改變水文: Mimosa pigra chokes waterways and irrigation ditches. This reduces water flow in canals and rivers and accelerates the build-up of silt in reservoirs. Economically important reservoirs may be threatened by the presence of the weed. A reservoir has the potential to last for about 100 years in the absence of M. pigra and for about 25 years in the presence of the weed (Robert 1982, in Praneetvatakul 2001).
滋擾人類: Mimosa pigra is expanding along the national highways obstructing the aesthetic value of the countryside and decreasing driver visibility (increasing the potential for traffic accidents).
經濟 /民生: Mimosa pigra stands obstructs irrigation canals, reducing water flow into rice fields. This negatively affects rice health and growth resulting in reduced crop yields and lower economic gains. As M. pigra is a suitable habitat for rats and crabs, it also encourages the presence of these animals, both of which also cause damage to rice plants.
|
