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   Ailanthus altissima (tree, shrub)    
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         General Impact

    All over the United States, Ailanthus altissima has become a pest of agricultural, urban and forested areas. Seedlings and root suckers of A. altissima grow rapidly and spread prolifically and thus quickly out-compete many native species for sunlight and space. It also produces a toxin in its bark and leaves. As it accumulates in the soil, the toxin inhibits the growth of other plants. The root system is capable of damaging sewers and foundations.



         Location Specific Impacts:
    Connecticut (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Maine (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Massachusetts (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Rhode Island (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Alabama (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Arizona (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Arkansas (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    California (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Colorado (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Delaware (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Florida (USA) (United States (USA)) English 
    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.
    Georgia (USA) (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Illinois (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Indiana (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Iowa (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a type of skin disorder) in some people.
    Kansas (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Kentucky (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Louisiana (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Maryland (USA) (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Mississippi (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Missouri (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Nebraska (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    New Jersey (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    New Mexico (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    New York (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    North Carolina (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Ohio (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Oklahoma (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Oregon (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Pennsylvania (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    South Carolina (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Tennessee (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Texas (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Utah (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Virginia (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Washington (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    West Virginia (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.
    Wisconsin (United States (USA)) English 
    Agricultural

    Competition: Outcompetes native plants by releasing toxins into the soil and competes for basic nutrients.

    Economic/Livelihoods: The extensive root system can cause damage to sewers and foundations.

    Human nuisance: Contact with the plant can cause dermatitis (a skin disorder) in some people.



ISSG Landcare Research NBII IUCN University of Auckland