一般影响
在南美洲，现在有证据显示牠们的食性与一种濒危的原生种鹿科动物重迭，请参阅Hippocamelus bisulcus)，也可能和另一种原生有蹄动物羊驼相重迭。红鹿在区域上已达到很高的密度，并对当地植物相造成严重影响 (Flueck, W., pers. Comm., 2003)。
红鹿会阻碍其偏爱的植物物种之更新，导致原生生态系结构与组成的严重改变。在严重的地区，冠层植种无法正常更替，可能导致树冠层的瓦解。在纽西兰、智利、阿根廷，并没有证据显示红鹿与牠们生存的生态系之间已达到平衡状态。红鹿甚至在低族群密度的情况下，仍持续阻碍森林的更新 (Department of Conservation Policy Statement on Deer Control, 2002)。
地点特有的影响：Argentina 
农业: Red deer (Cervus elaphus) compete with domestic herbivores (Werner, F., pers.comm., 2003).
改变演化模式: Red deer (Cervus elaphus) have been shown to affect forest rejuvenation dynamics (Werner, F., pers.comm., 2003).
竞争: Negative ecological impact of red deer (Cervus elaphus) has been described for both Chile and Argentina, and competition with native ungulates, such as guanaco, Lama guanicoe, or the Patagonian huemul (see Hippocamelus bisulcus in IUCN Red List of Threatened of Species), has been suggested.
Cervus elaphus showed an important overlap of resource use with the Patagonian huemul, Hippocamelus bisulcus, in the lenga forest habitat, Nothofagus pumilio. These included use of habitat and the dietary trophic niche. The amplitude of the ecological niche of the red deer was more than that of the huemul, suggesting that the red deer might be more flexible and opportunistic than the huemul in the use of the natural resources. The distribution of huemul in relation to the red deer was determined and mapped, and surveys of eight regions revealed the recent extinction of huemul in 50% of them. Smith-Flueck, J.M. 2003.. Chile
竞争: Negative ecological impact of red deer (Cervus elaphus) has been described for both Chile and Argentina, and competition with native ungulates, such as guanaco, Lama guanicoe, or the Patagonian huemul (see Hippocamelus bisulcus in IUCN Red List of Threatened of Species), has been suggested.
Cervus elaphus showed an important overlap of resource use with the Patagonian huemul, Hippocamelus bisulcus in the lenga forest habitat, Nothofagus pumilio. These included use of habitat and the dietary trophic niche. The amplitude of the ecological niche of the red deer was more than that of the huemul, suggesting that the red deer might be more flexible and opportunistic than the huemul in the use of the natural resources. The distribution of huemul in relation to the red deer was determined and mapped, and surveys of eight regions revealed the recent extinction of huemul in 50% of them. Smith-Flueck, J.M. 2003.. Auckland Region (New Zealand)
传播疾病: Feral deer can act as vectors for Bovine Tb.
The fact that deer can disperse long distances means that they have the potential to spread TB and re-infect possum populations from which the disease has been eliminated.
栖地改变: Deer browsing and bark stripping have a significant impact
on natural areas.
The Department of Conservation New Zealand, in its policy on deer control, states that deer prevent regeneration of favoured plant species, which causes significant changes to the structure and composition of native ecosystems. At critical sites, non-replacement of canopy species can lead to canopy collapse. South America
竞争: Negative ecological impact of red deer (Cervus elaphus) has been described for both Chile and Argentina, and competition with native ungulates, such as guanaco, Lama guanicoe, or the Patagonian huemul (see Hippocamelus bisulcus in IUCN Red List of Threatened of Species), has been suggested.
Cervus elaphus showed an important overlap of resource use with the Patagonian huemul, Hippocamelus bisulcus, in the lenga forest habitat, Nothofagus pumilio. These included use of habitat and the dietary trophic niche. The amplitude of the ecological niche of the red deer was more than that of the huemul, suggesting that the red deer might be more flexible and opportunistic than the huemul in the use of the natural resources. The distribution of huemul in relation to the red deer was determined and mapped, and surveys of eight regions revealed the recent extinction of huemul in 50% of them. Smith-Flueck, J.M. 2003..
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