Vitex rotundifolia (灌木)

生態 分佈 管理 影響 參考資料 聯繫

一般影響 在卡羅來納，海埔姜(Vitex rotundifolia)被認為是入侵物種，並有可能沿著美國海岸蔓延到更多的沿海地區(馬德森等人, 2005)。海埔姜是一個快速生長，縱向和橫向蔓延的灌木，非常能容忍鹽份和乾旱(格雷沙姆及尼爾)。海埔姜會產生大型子庫，也可以經由沿著莖節的葉生根，行無性繁殖(格雷沙姆及尼爾)。其侵略性的生長模式，導致很少光線能到達地表，使它成為優勢的單種植群，阻礙原生樹種建立族群(格雷沙姆及尼爾)。此外，科學觀察顯示，此植物會釋放一些相剋物質到土壤中，使土壤變成疏水性，威脅不耐乾旱的本土物種(格雷沙姆及尼爾)。此植物的根系結構使它無法成為理想的沙丘穩定劑，相較本地物種的鬚根系，它會造成較嚴重的沙丘侵蝕(SCNPS)。它的走莖會纏住幼海龜，使他們死亡，也會影響雌龜築巢(SCNPS)(請參閱北和南卡羅來納州的影響資料)。海埔姜也影響數百萬美元的海灘休閒活動(馬德森等人, 2005)。          地點特有的影響： North Carolina (United States (USA))   威脅瀕危物種: Vitex has the potential to displace sea beach amaranth listed by the US federal government and by the state of North Carolina as 'Threatened' (see Amaranthus plumilus in Threatened and Endangered information. There are concerns that vitex stems covering the dunes and growing on the front beach may deter female sea turtles from digging their nests and laying eggs, and may trap hatchling turtles when they emerge from the nests (Carolinas Beach Vitex Task Force, 2006). North Carolina is home to five species of seaturtles: Green Turtle considered 'threatened' by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (Please see Chelonia mydas in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Atlantic Hawksbill considered 'endangered' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Eretmochelys imbricata in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Loggerhead Sea Turtle considered 'threatened' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Caretta caretta in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Atlantic Ridley considered 'endangered' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Lepidochelys kempii in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Leatherback considered 'endangered' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Dermochelys coriacea in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species). 競爭: Vitex competes for space and water resources with native vegetation. South Carolina (United States (USA))   威脅瀕危物種: Vitex has the potential to displace sea beach amaranth listed by the US federal government and by the state of North Carolina as 'Threatened' (see Amaranthus plumilus in Threatened and Endangered information. Sea turtle hatchlings can get entangled and killed in the sprawling branches. There are concerns that vitex stems covering the dunes and growing on the front beach may deter female sea turtles from digging their nests and laying eggs, and may trap hatchling turtles when they emerge from the nests (Carolinas Beach Vitex Task Force, 2006). South Carolina is home to four species of seaturtles: Green Turtle considered 'threatened' by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (Please see Chelonia mydas in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Loggerhead Sea Turtle considered 'threatened' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Caretta caretta in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Atlantic Ridley considered 'endangered' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Lepidochelys kempii in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species); Leatherback considered 'endangered' by the by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, (please see Dermochelys coriacea in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species). 競爭: Vitex competes for space and water resources with native vegetation.