一般影響
地點特有的影響:Union County (United States (USA)) 其他: 50% of Toronto's street trees are maples - one of the beetle's preferred host species. These and other threatened hardwoods provide shade and beauty, shelter birds and animals, help filter air pollutants, produce oxygen, and increase property values. 生態系統變化: Broad-leaved deciduous trees are a vital component of healthy woodlands in southern Canada. Many of Canada's endangered and threatened species are found in Ontario hardwood forests. Forest health and biodiversity are at stake. 經濟 /民生: Canada's commercial hardwood forests produce $11 billion in wood products annually. The maple syrup industry is worth another $100 million each year. Healthy forests also support tourism and recreation.
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