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   Aedes albopictus (昆蟲) English   
生態 分佈 管理 影響 參考資料 聯繫


         一般影響

    白線斑蚊(Aedes albopictus)具侵略性,白天時會在戶外叮咬攻擊人類、家畜、兩棲動物、爬蟲動物與鳥。(Eritja et al.2005)一項叮咬率的調查,記錄到每小時30至48次叮咬。(Cancrini et al.2003)

    蚊子是許多人類疾病的病媒,從瘧疾到絲蟲病(由 Dirofilaria immitis)。(Eritja et al.2005) 白線斑蚊(Aedes albopictus)可能是一個特別值得擔心的中介病媒體,幫忙傳播 西尼羅河病毒 因為它棲息在鄉村,而且有一個寬的宿主範圍,包括鳥類,所以它能輕易地把傳染病傳給人類。在實驗室情況下,共有四種 Flaviviruses, 十種 Bunyaviruses 與七種 Alphaviruses 能被A. albopictus接納。這些包括黃熱病,裂谷熱、 chikungunya 與 sindbis 。(都出現在地中海) 其中,已知在野外情況下, , A. albopictus會接納三種Flaviviruses(登革熱、西尼羅河與日本腦炎),六種 Bunyaviruses與一種 Alphavirus(EEE)。其他對人類致病地中海循環病毒包括以色列土耳其病毒、 Tahyna 與 Batai。




         地點特有的影響:
    Roraima (Brazil) English 
    傳播疾病: Although Ae. albopictus is not presently considered of primary importance in dengue transmission, its occurrence could favor a linkage between urban and forest cycles of yellow fever and other arboviruses in Brazil.
    Libreville (Gabon) English 
    傳播疾病: Ae. albopictus was responsible for a Chikungunya outbreak in Gabon in 2007 (Vazeille et al. 2008). Sequence analysis of the virus genome revealed that these recent outbreaks were caused by a new variant characterized by a mutation in the E1 envelop glycoprotein gene (A226V) (Schuffenecker et al. in Vazeille et al 2006). This mutation has favoured better transmissibility of the virus by Ae. albopictus (Vazeille et al. 2007).
    Italy English 
    傳播疾病: Invasive Ae. albopictus have been recovered infected with chikungunya virus in Italy (Enserink 2007 in Armistead et al. 2008).
    Rome (Italy) English 
    傳播疾病: Vector of the Chikungunya virus.
    Toamasina (Madagascar) English 
    傳播疾病: In January 2006, an outbreak of denguelike syndrome (DLS) was reported in Toamasina, on Madagascar’s east coast. Ae. albopictus was found to be responsible for vectoring the disease.
    Reunion (La Réunion) English 
    傳播疾病: Known vector for Dengue on Reunion Island. A major epidemic of chikungunya fever on the island of Reunion in 2005-2006 (population 770 000) has resulted in 265 000 clinical cases (34% of the population) and 237 deaths (Reiter et al, 2006).
    Spain English 
    競爭: In Spain, interspecific competition between the tiger mosquito and native tree-hole mosquitoes might affect Aedes (Finlaya) geniculatus (Olivier 1791), Ochlerotatus (Ochlerotatus) berlandi (Se´guy 1921), Anopheles (Anopheles) plumbeus (Stephens 1828) and the less frequent Orthopodomyia (Orthopodomyia) pulcripalpis (Rondani 1872), among others.
    Switzerland English 
    競爭: Many native Aedes species occur in Switzerland.
    United States (USA) English 
    傳播疾病: Invasive Ae. albopictus have also been recovered infected with eastern equine encephalitis (Mitchell et al. 1992 in Armistead et al. 2008) and LaCrosse encephalitis viruses (Gerhardt et al. 2001 in Armistead et al. 2008) in the United States
    Hawaii (United States (USA)) English 
    傳播疾病: Ae. albopictus was responsible for a dengue outbreak in Hawaii in 2001-2002. The epidemic was unique in that virus was transmitted by Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. This ineffi cient vector produces a slow-movingoutbreak by contrast to the sharp epidemics associated with Ae. aegypti



ISSG Landcare Research NBII IUCN University of Auckland