Mus musculus (哺乳动物)

生态 分布 管理 影响 参考数据 联系

Click here to go back 此物种详细信息 Gough Is. (sub-Antarctic) 状态： 外来 入侵： 入侵 出现纪录： ????? 来源： RSPB, undated; Wanless et al. 2007 到达日期： pre-1885 简介： 意外引入 此地点的物种说明： House mice (Mus musculus) were presumably introduced to Gough on sealing or whaling boats before 1885. Mice attacks on albatrosses have been caught on video tape and appear to be a learned behaviour. Researchers set out to determine the cause of unprecedented low breeding success (less than 30%) of Tristan albatrosses and Atlantic petrels. The island has lacked mammalian predators for millions of years and albatrosses have no defensive responses against such aggressive behaviour. All areas have mouse attacks, but the rate varies between sites and years in a complex way. With no corresponding variables to explain the pattern, researchers believe that cultural transmission of the behaviour could explain the patterns. Albatross chicks spend eight months sitting waiting for food from their parents. They are nearly a metre tall and 250 times the weight of the mice but are largely immobile and cannot defend themselves. The mice gnaw into the birds' flesh as they sit on the ground. Researchers have seen as many as eight or 10 rodents feasting on a single ailing chick. The chicks lack appropriate responses and the mice feed at will from established wounds over several days (Wanless et al. 2007). 此地点的管理信息： Activities on Gough are governed by a Management Plan (Cooper & Ryan 1994). Research, conservation action and logistical activities that fall outside the ambit of the Management Plan are subject to approval from the Tristan Administrator, who takes advice from the Tristan Biodiversity Advisory Group, comprised of researchers familiar with Gough and Tristan environments. 地点批注： Gough Island in the South Atlantic is one of the most important seabird islands in the world. Twenty seabird species breed here, of which five are globally threatened and two are near-endemics. There are also two globally threatened endemic land birds. Gough is part of the UK Overseas Territory of Tristan da Cunha, and the UK therefore has a responsibility to help conserve this World Heritage Site. Gough is some 14 km long and 7 km wide and is the most southerly of the Tristan da Cunha group. Up to 10 million birds breed there, mostly in summer although four species breed in the winter. A review by the Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) has found the mouse is one of 2,900 non-native species damaging native wildlife on the 17 UK Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies (RSPB, undated; Amos, 2005). 影响： 威胁濒危物种: Recent research has shown conclusively that house mice (Mus musculus) are responsible for widespread breeding failures and that predation of chicks by mice occurs at levels that are probably driving population decreases (Wanless et al. 2007). Only two of the four winter-breeding species (namely the Tristan albatross (see Diomedea dabbenena in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) and Atlantic petrel (see Pterodroma incerta in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species)) have been studied to date, and mouse predation has been confirmed on both species. Chicks of the other two winter breeders - Grey petrel (see Procellaria cinerea in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) and Great-winged petrels (see Pterodroma macroptera in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) - are believed to be subject to mouse predation. M. musculus may pose the greatest present threat to Gough bunting (see Rowettia goughensis in IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) through competition and predation. R. goughensis is much less abundant on Gough than other bunting species on nearby mouse-free islands. Recent research from Gough Island suggest that mice may be a significant predator of breeding seabirds. Buntings are found at low density where mice are abundant on Gough Island, and predation rates of dummy eggs by mice suggests that predation rates may be higher where buntings are scarce (Birdlife International, 2004). 最后修改 ： 18/04/2007 2:49:21 p.m.