Details of this species in Hawaii Status: Alien Invasiveness: Invasive Occurrence: Established Source: Morton, J. 1987. Arrival Date: Before 1870. Introduction: Unknown Species Notes for this Location: Seed dispersal by mynah birds. Occurs in semi-wild state on all the Hawaiian Islands in moist areas below 600m. Management Notes for this Location: Vigorous efforts to exterminate it with herbicides. Last Modified: 1/08/2004 1:34:21 p.m.
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